一项旨在减少办公人员久坐时间的整群随机对照试验：对活动结果的影响。
A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Office Workers' Sitting Time: Effect on Activity Outcomes.
机构信息
1School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA; 2Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA; 3Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Physiotherapy, Curtin University, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA; 4Work, Health and Wellbeing Unit, Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, AUSTRALIA; 5Deakin Health Economics, Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, AUSTRALIA; 6School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, AUSTRALIA; 7School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA; 8School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA; and 9Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA.
出版信息
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016 Sep;48(9):1787-97. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000972.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to evaluate the initial and long-term effectiveness of a workplace intervention compared with usual practice, targeting the reduction of sitting on activity outcomes.
METHODS
Office worksites (≥1 km apart) from a single organization in Victoria, Australia, were cluster randomized to intervention (n = 7) or control (n = 7). Participants were 231 desk-based office workers (5-39 participants per worksite) working at least 0.6 full-time equivalent. The workplace-delivered intervention addressed organizational, physical environment, and individual behavioral changes to reduce sitting time. Assessments occurred at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months, with the primary outcome participants' objectively measured (activPAL3 device) workplace sitting time (minutes per 8-h workday). Secondary activity outcomes were workplace time spent standing, stepping (light, moderate to vigorous, and total), and in prolonged (≥30 min) sitting bouts (hours per 8-h workday); usual duration of workplace sitting bouts; and overall sitting, standing, and stepping time (minutes per 16-h day). Analysis was by linear mixed models, accounting for repeated-measures and clustering and adjusting for baseline values and potential confounders.
RESULTS
At baseline, on average, participants (68% women; mean ± SD age = 45.6 ± 9.4 yr) sat, stood, and stepped for 78.8% ± 9.5%, 14.3% ± 8.2%, and 6.9% ± 2.9% of work hours, respectively. Workplace sitting time was significantly reduced in the intervention group compared with the controls at 3 months (-99.1 [95% confidence interval = -116.3 to -81.8] min per 8-h workday) and 12 months (-45.4 [-64.6 to -26.2] min per 8-h workday). Significant intervention effects (all favoring intervention) were observed for standing, prolonged sitting, and usual sitting bout duration at work, as well as overall sitting and standing time, with no significant or meaningful effects observed for stepping.
CONCLUSIONS
This workplace-delivered multicomponent intervention was successful at reducing workplace and overall daily sitting time in both the short term and the long term.
目的
本研究旨在评估一项与常规实践相比的工作场所干预措施的初始和长期效果，该措施针对减少久坐行为。
方法
澳大利亚维多利亚州的一个单一组织的办公室工作场所（相隔至少 1 公里）被聚类随机分配到干预组（n=7）或对照组（n=7）。参与者为 231 名以办公桌为主要工作环境的办公室工作人员（每个工作场所 5-39 名参与者），每周工作至少 0.6 个全职等效工作量。该工作场所提供的干预措施针对组织、物理环境和个人行为变化，以减少坐的时间。评估在基线、3 个月和 12 个月进行，主要结果是参与者的（通过 activPAL3 设备）工作场所久坐时间（每 8 小时工作日的分钟数）的客观测量。次要活动结果包括工作时间的站立、跨步（轻、中至剧烈和总）和长时间（≥30 分钟）坐立时间（每 8 小时工作日的小时数）；工作时间的常规坐立时间；以及整体坐立、站立和跨步时间（每 16 小时工作日的分钟数）。分析采用线性混合模型，考虑重复测量和聚类，并调整基线值和潜在混杂因素。
结果
在基线时，参与者（68%为女性；平均±标准差年龄=45.6±9.4 岁）分别平均坐、站和走的时间为工作时间的 78.8%±9.5%、14.3%±8.2%和 6.9%±2.9%。与对照组相比，干预组在 3 个月（-99.1[95%置信区间=-116.3 至-81.8]分钟/8 小时工作日）和 12 个月（-45.4[-64.6 至-26.2]分钟/8 小时工作日）时，工作场所的久坐时间显著减少。干预组在站立、长时间坐立和工作中常规坐立时间以及整体坐立和站立时间方面都有显著的干预效果（均有利于干预），而在跨步方面没有观察到显著或有意义的效果。
结论
这种工作场所提供的多组分干预措施在短期和长期内都成功地减少了工作场所和整体日常久坐时间。
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