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焦虑反应和束缚诱导应激对雌性青春期大鼠乙醇摄入量的影响不同。

Anxiety response and restraint-induced stress differentially affect ethanol intake in female adolescent rats.

作者信息

Acevedo María Belén, Fabio Maria Carolina, Fernández Macarena Soledad, Pautassi Ricardo Marcos

机构信息

Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET), Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina.

Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET), Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina.

出版信息

Neuroscience. 2016 Oct 15;334:259-274. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.08.011. Epub 2016 Aug 12.

Abstract

Anxiety disorders are more likely to occur in women than in men, usually emerge during adolescence and exhibit high comorbidity with alcohol use disorders (AUD). Adolescents with high levels of anxiety or heightened reactivity to stress may be at-risk for developing AUD. An approach to analyze if high levels of inborn anxiety predict greater ethanol drinking is to assess the latter variable in subjects classified as high- or low-anxiety responders. The present study assessed ethanol drinking in adolescent, female Wistar, rats classified as high-, low- or average-anxiety responders and exposed or not to restraint stress (RS, Exp. 1). Classification was made through a multivariate index derived from testing anxiety responses in an elevated plus maze and a light-dark box tests. RS was applied after animals had been initiated to ethanol drinking. Intake of sweetened ethanol was unaffected by level of anxiety response. Adolescents with high levels of inborn anxiety exhibited significantly higher intake of unsweetened ethanol than counterparts with standard levels of anxiety, yet this effect was inhibited by RS exposure. Experiment 2 assessed FOS immunoreactivity after RS. Stress induced a significant increase in FOS immunoreactivity at the paraventricular nucleus, yet this effect was unaffected by level of anxiety response. Female adolescents with high levels of basal anxiety may be at-risk for exhibiting increased predisposition for ethanol intake and preference. The study also indicates that stress may exert differential effects on adolescent ethanol intake as a function of the level of anxiety response.

摘要

焦虑症在女性中比在男性中更易发生,通常在青春期出现,并且与酒精使用障碍(AUD)共病率高。焦虑水平高或对应激反应增强的青少年可能有患酒精使用障碍的风险。一种分析高先天性焦虑水平是否预示着更多乙醇摄入的方法是,在被分类为高焦虑或低焦虑反应者的受试者中评估后一个变量。本研究评估了被分类为高焦虑、低焦虑或平均焦虑反应者的青春期雌性Wistar大鼠的乙醇摄入量,并使其暴露或不暴露于束缚应激(RS,实验1)。分类是通过一个多变量指数进行的,该指数来自于在高架十字迷宫和明暗箱试验中测试焦虑反应。在动物开始摄入乙醇后施加RS。甜乙醇的摄入量不受焦虑反应水平的影响。高先天性焦虑水平的青少年比具有标准焦虑水平的同龄人摄入的非甜乙醇显著更多,但这种效应在暴露于RS后受到抑制。实验2评估了RS后的FOS免疫反应性。应激导致室旁核的FOS免疫反应性显著增加,但这种效应不受焦虑反应水平的影响。基础焦虑水平高的青春期女性可能有乙醇摄入量和偏好增加的倾向风险。该研究还表明,应激可能根据焦虑反应水平对青少年乙醇摄入量产生不同影响。

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