Li Mingjun, Li Dongxia, Feng Fengjuan, Zhang Sheng, Ma Fengwang, Cheng Lailiang
State Key of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China Section of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
State Key of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
J Exp Bot. 2016 Sep;67(17):5145-57. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erw277. Epub 2016 Aug 17.
Understanding the fruit developmental process is critical for fruit quality improvement. Here, we report a comprehensive proteomic analysis of apple fruit development over five growth stages, from young fruit to maturity, coupled with metabolomic profiling. A tandem mass tag (TMT)-based comparative proteomics approach led to the identification and quantification of 7098 and 6247 proteins, respectively. This large-scale proteomic dataset presents a global view of the critical pathways involved in fruit development and metabolism. When linked with metabolomics data, these results provide new insights into the modulation of fruit development, the metabolism and storage of sugars and organic acids (mainly malate), and events within the energy-related pathways for respiration and glycolysis. We suggest that the key steps identified here (e.g. those involving the FK2, TST, EDR6, SPS, mtME and mtMDH switches), can be further targeted to confirm their roles in accumulation and balance of fructose, sucrose and malate. Moreover, our findings imply that the primary reason for decreases in amino acid concentrations during fruit development is related to a reduction in substrate flux via glycolysis, which is mainly regulated by fructose-bisphosphate aldolase and bisphosphoglycerate mutase.
了解果实发育过程对于改善果实品质至关重要。在此，我们报告了一项对苹果果实从幼果到成熟的五个生长阶段进行的全面蛋白质组学分析，并结合了代谢组学分析。基于串联质谱标签（TMT）的比较蛋白质组学方法分别鉴定和定量了7098种和6247种蛋白质。这个大规模的蛋白质组数据集呈现了果实发育和代谢所涉及的关键途径的全局视图。当与代谢组学数据相关联时，这些结果为果实发育的调控、糖和有机酸（主要是苹果酸）的代谢与储存以及呼吸和糖酵解等能量相关途径中的事件提供了新的见解。我们认为，这里确定的关键步骤（例如涉及FK2、TST、EDR6、SPS、mtME和mtMDH转换的那些步骤）可以进一步作为目标来确认它们在果糖、蔗糖和苹果酸积累与平衡中的作用。此外，我们的研究结果表明，果实发育过程中氨基酸浓度降低的主要原因与通过糖酵解的底物通量减少有关，这主要受果糖-1,6-二磷酸醛缩酶和二磷酸甘油酸变位酶的调节。
