Stefanelli María de Los Ángeles, Valenzuela María Teresa, Cárcamo Marcela, Urquidi Cinthya, Cavada Gabriel, San Martín P Pamela
Rev Med Chil. 2016 May;144(5):658-63. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872016000500015.
The global fertility rate (GFR) is defined as the mean number of children that a woman could have in a hypothetical cohort, not exposed to death during the fertile period. GFR has fallen from 3.4 to 1.9 children per women in the period 1970-2010.
To explore the relationship between the fall in GFR and the incorporation of women to work in the period 1960-2011.
Data from the National Statistics Institute was used. GRF was calculated using specific fertility rates for each year considering women aged 15 to 49 years. Work rates were obtained from yearly vital statistics reports.
Between 1960 and 2011, GRF decreased from 5.5 to 1.9 in Chile. The first inflection occurred in 1970. In the same period, female workforce increased from 22.4 to 40.2%.
To motivate the participation of female work-force without decrease the GRF allowing population replacement, it is suggested the need to create new public policies with benefits and support from the state.
全球生育率（GFR）的定义是在一个假设队列中，处于生育期的女性在不遭遇死亡情况下可能生育的子女平均数量。在1970年至2010年期间，全球生育率已从每名妇女3.4个子女降至1.9个子女。
探讨1960年至2011年期间全球生育率下降与女性就业情况之间的关系。
使用了国家统计局的数据。通过考虑15至49岁女性的特定生育率来计算全球生育率。就业率来自年度人口动态统计报告。
1960年至2011年期间，智利的全球生育率从5.5降至1.9。第一次拐点出现在1970年。同一时期，女性劳动力比例从22.4%增至40.2%。
为了在不降低全球生育率以实现人口更替的情况下激励女性劳动力参与，建议有必要制定新的公共政策，并获得国家的福利和支持。
