Brooks Merrian J, Marshal Michael P, McCauley Heather L, Douaihy Antoine, Miller Elizabeth
a Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , USA.
b Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2016 Nov 9;51(13):1815-9. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2016.1197268. Epub 2016 Aug 11.
Hopefulness has been associated with increased treatment retention and reduced substance abuse among adults, and may be a promising modifiable factor to leverage in substance abuse treatment settings. Few studies have assessed the relationship between hopefulness and substance use in adolescents, particularly those with high-risk backgrounds.
We explored whether high hope is associated with less likelihood for engaging in a variety of substance use behaviors in a sample of marginalized adolescents.
Using logistic regression, we assessed results from a cross-sectional anonymous youth behavior survey (n = 256 youth, ages 14 to 19). We recruited from local youth serving agencies (e.g., homeless shelters, group homes, short-term detention).
The sample was almost 60% male and two thirds African American. Unadjusted models showed youth with higher hope had a 50-58% (p = <.05) decreased odds of endorsing heavy episodic drinking, daily tobacco use, recent or lifetime marijuana use, and sex after using substances. Adjusted models showed a 52% decreased odds of lifetime marijuana use with higher hope, and a trend towards less sex after substance use (AOR 0.481; p = 0.065). No other substance use behaviors remained significantly associated with higher hope scores in adjusted models.
CONCLUSIONS/IMPORTANCE: Hopefulness may contribute to decreased likelihood of substance use in adolescents. Focusing on hope may be one modifiable target in a comprehensive primary or secondary substance use prevention program.
希望感与成年人治疗依从性的提高及药物滥用的减少有关，可能是在药物滥用治疗环境中可加以利用的一个有前景的可改变因素。很少有研究评估希望感与青少年药物使用之间的关系，尤其是那些有高危背景的青少年。
我们探讨了在边缘化青少年样本中，高希望感是否与参与各种药物使用行为的可能性较低有关。
我们使用逻辑回归分析了一项横断面匿名青少年行为调查（n = 256名14至19岁青少年）的结果。我们从当地为青少年服务的机构（如无家可归者收容所、集体之家、短期拘留所）招募样本。
样本中近60%为男性，三分之二为非裔美国人。未经调整的模型显示，希望感较高的青少年认可大量饮酒、每日吸烟、近期或一生使用大麻以及药物使用后性行为的几率降低了50 - 58%（p = <.05）。调整后的模型显示，希望感较高的青少年一生使用大麻的几率降低了52%，且药物使用后性行为减少的趋势（调整后比值比为0.481；p = 0.065）。在调整后的模型中，没有其他药物使用行为与较高的希望感得分仍存在显著关联。
结论/重要性：希望感可能有助于降低青少年药物使用的可能性。关注希望感可能是全面的一级或二级药物使用预防计划中的一个可改变目标。
