Kumar Naresh, Bhardwaj Ashu, Negi Prakash Chand, Jhingta Pravesh Kumar, Sharma Deepak, Bhardwaj Vinay Kumar
Department of Periodontology, Maharaj Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India.
Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2016 May-Jun;20(3):324-9. doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.183096.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MeS) is high among Asians, including Indians and is rising, particularly with the adoption of modernized lifestyle. Various studies have reported a significant relationship between periodontal status and MeS. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between periodontitis and MeS.
The study included 259 subjects (130 cases with chronic periodontitis, 129 controls without chronic periodontitis) who underwent medical and periodontal checkup. Five components (obesity, high blood pressure, low- and high-density lipoproteins, cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and high plasma glucose) of MeS were evaluated, and individuals with ≥3 positive components were defined as having MeS. The periodontal parameter was clinical attachment level (CAL) on the basis of which cases were selected with moderate (CAL loss 3-4 mm) and severe (CAL loss ≥5 mm) generalized chronic periodontitis. The association between chronic periodontitis and MeS components was investigated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
The association of MeS and chronic periodontitis was strong and significant with OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.36-5.18, and P < 0.003. Comparison of mean values of components of MeS between cases and controls reveals that the mean waist circumference (mean difference: -4.8 [95% CI: 7.75--1.84], P < 0.002) and mean triglycerides level (mean difference: -25.75 [95% CI: -49.22--2.28], P < 0.032) were significantly higher in cases than in control groups. Although mean systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting blood sugar level were higher in cases (125.77, 82.99 and 86.38, respectively) compared with control (122.81, 81.3 and 83.68, respectively), it was statistically insignificant.
The results of this study suggest that there is a strong association between chronic periodontitis and MeS. The association was independent of the various potential confounding risk factors affecting the chronic periodontitis such as age, sex, residential background, and tobacco consumption.
代谢综合征（MeS）在包括印度人在内的亚洲人群中患病率很高，且呈上升趋势，尤其是随着现代化生活方式的采用。各种研究报告了牙周状况与MeS之间存在显著关系。本研究的目的是调查牙周炎与MeS之间的关联。
该研究纳入了259名接受医学和牙周检查的受试者（130例慢性牙周炎患者，129例无慢性牙周炎的对照者）。评估了MeS的五个组成部分（肥胖、高血压、低密度和高密度脂蛋白、胆固醇、高甘油三酯血症和高血糖），具有≥3个阳性组成部分的个体被定义为患有MeS。牙周参数为临床附着水平（CAL），据此选择中度（CAL丧失3 - 4mm）和重度（CAL丧失≥5mm）的广泛性慢性牙周炎患者。使用比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）研究慢性牙周炎与MeS各组成部分之间的关联。
MeS与慢性牙周炎之间的关联很强且具有显著性，OR为2.64，95%CI为1.36 - 5.18，P < 0.003。病例组和对照组之间MeS各组成部分平均值的比较显示，病例组的平均腰围（平均差值：-4.8 [95%CI：7.75 - -1.84]，P < 0.002）和平均甘油三酯水平（平均差值：-25.75 [95%CI：-49.22 - -2.28]，P < 0.032）显著高于对照组。尽管病例组的平均收缩压、舒张压和空腹血糖水平（分别为125.77、82.99和86.38）高于对照组（分别为122.81、81.3和83.68），但差异无统计学意义。
本研究结果表明慢性牙周炎与MeS之间存在很强的关联。这种关联独立于影响慢性牙周炎的各种潜在混杂风险因素，如年龄、性别、居住背景和烟草消费。
