Borena Wegene, Grünberger Margarethe, Widschwendter Andreas, Kraxner Karl Heinz, Marth Elisabeth, Mayr Peter, Meier Joerg, Ruth Norman, Guerrero Aida Tort, Marth Christian, Holm-von Laer Dorothee
Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schoepfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
BMC Public Health. 2016 Aug 26;16(1):889. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3581-0.
In order to evaluate the newly implemented gender-neutral HPV vaccination program, knowledge on the pre-vaccine prevalence of HPV infection is of paramount importance. Data on HPV infection among the women with no known previous cytological abnormalities are inexistent in Austria. This study presents data on the prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes among women with no known cytological abnormalities in west Austria.
Women between 18 and 65 years of age attending annual cervical cancer screening examinations were included in the study. Data on socio-demographic and reproductive factors were collected using structured questionnaires. Corresponding cervical swab samples were tested for the presence of HPV DNA and were genotyped. Questionnaire data and HPV status were linked with the corresponding cytological findings.
A total of 542 women were included in the study. The mean age of the study participants was 35.9 (SD = 11.5). The prevalence of HPV infection was 20.5 %. HPV 16 (6.5 %), HPV 33 (3.3 %) and HPV 31 (3.0 %) were the dominant genotypes detected. Multivariate analysis showed that women younger than 30 years of age, smokers, women with a higher number of lifetime sexual partners and those living in the eastern districts of the study region were at significantly higher risk of HPV infection.
With this study we present the first data on the prevalence of cervical HPV genotypes among a screening population in Austria. The results not only fill the missing information on HPV infection in this group of women in the country, they also provide baseline data for a future evaluation of the impact of the Austrian gender-neutral HPV immunization program. Moreover, our finding of higher HPV prevalence in the eastern compared to the western district of the study region may - at least partly - explain the east-west gradient in the standardized incidence rate of cervical cancer in the region.
为了评估新实施的性别中立的人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗接种计划，了解疫苗接种前HPV感染的流行情况至关重要。奥地利缺乏此前细胞学检查无异常的女性中HPV感染的数据。本研究展示了奥地利西部此前细胞学检查无异常的女性中HPV基因型的流行情况和分布。
纳入参加年度宫颈癌筛查的18至65岁女性。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口统计学和生殖因素的数据。对相应的宫颈拭子样本进行HPV DNA检测并进行基因分型。问卷数据和HPV状态与相应的细胞学检查结果相关联。
共纳入542名女性。研究参与者的平均年龄为35.9岁（标准差=11.5）。HPV感染率为20.5%。检测到的主要基因型为HPV 16（6.5%）、HPV 33（3.3%）和HPV 31（3.0%）。多变量分析显示，年龄小于30岁的女性、吸烟者、终身性伴侣数量较多的女性以及居住在研究区域东部地区的女性HPV感染风险显著更高。
通过本研究，我们展示了奥地利筛查人群中宫颈HPV基因型流行情况的首批数据。这些结果不仅填补了该国这组女性中HPV感染的缺失信息，还为未来评估奥地利性别中立的HPV免疫计划的影响提供了基线数据。此外，我们发现在研究区域东部HPV流行率高于西部，这可能至少部分解释了该区域宫颈癌标准化发病率的东西梯度差异。
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