Kegeles S M, Adler N E, Irwin C E
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94105.
Am J Dis Child. 1989 Aug;143(8):911-5.
Sexually active adolescents should use condoms to prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus. This study examined, among male and female adolescents, which beliefs about condoms are associated with intentions to use them if they have coitus in the next year. Teenagers attending adolescent health clinics completed self-administered surveys. Although most adolescents knew that condoms prevent sexually transmitted diseases, an increasing belief in the preventive effects of condoms was not associated with an increased motivation to use them. Instead, other immediate, short-term consequences, such as the ease with which they can be used and discomfort associated with their use, were most strongly associated with adolescents' intentions to use condoms. To encourage condom use, messages from physicians and other health care professionals must focus on adolescents' beliefs that are most likely to encourage or inhibit use of condoms. Health considerations should not be the sole emphasis of such communications if the goal is to increase the use of condoms among sexually active adolescents.
性活跃的青少年应使用避孕套来预防包括人类免疫缺陷病毒在内的性传播疾病。本研究调查了在青少年男性和女性中，哪些关于避孕套的信念与他们如果在明年发生性行为时使用避孕套的意图相关。在青少年健康诊所就诊的青少年完成了自行填写的调查问卷。尽管大多数青少年知道避孕套可预防性传播疾病，但对避孕套预防效果的日益相信与使用避孕套的动机增加并无关联。相反，其他直接的短期后果，如使用的便捷性以及与使用相关的不适感，与青少年使用避孕套的意图关联最为紧密。为鼓励使用避孕套，医生和其他医疗保健专业人员传达的信息必须聚焦于最有可能鼓励或抑制避孕套使用的青少年信念。如果目标是增加性活跃青少年中避孕套的使用，健康考量不应是此类沟通的唯一重点。
