Tenembaum Silvia, Chitnis Tanuja, Nakashima Ichiro, Collongues Nicolas, McKeon Andrew, Levy Michael, Rostasy Kevin
From the Department of Pediatric Neurology (S.T.), National Pediatric Hospital Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Partners Pediatric MS Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Neurology (I.N.), Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Neurology (N.C.), University Hospitals Strasbourg, Center for Clinical Investigation, INSERM, Strasbourg, France; Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Neurology (A.M.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (M.L.), Neuromyelitis Optica Clinic, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (K.R.), Children's Hospital Datteln, University Witten/Herdecke, Germany.
Neurology. 2016 Aug 30;87(9 Suppl 2):S59-66. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002824.
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severe autoimmune disease of the CNS characterized by recurrent inflammatory events primarily involving the optic nerves and spinal cord. NMO is infrequent in children, but early recognition is important to start adequate treatment. In this article, we review the evolving diagnostic criteria of NMO and provide an update on the clinical and neuroimaging spectrum of the disorder in pediatric patients, including current knowledge on immunopathogenesis and treatment recommendations for children with NMO.
视神经脊髓炎（NMO）是一种中枢神经系统的严重自身免疫性疾病，其特征为反复发生的炎症事件，主要累及视神经和脊髓。NMO在儿童中并不常见，但早期识别对于开始适当治疗很重要。在本文中，我们回顾了NMO不断演变的诊断标准，并提供了关于儿科患者该疾病临床和神经影像学表现谱的最新信息，包括目前关于免疫发病机制的知识以及NMO患儿的治疗建议。
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