Qi Q, Wang X, Strizich G, Wang T
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
Int J Diabetol Vasc Dis Res. 2015;2015(Suppl 1). doi: 10.19070/2328-353X-SI01001. Epub 2015 Mar 12.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has become a major health problem throughout the world and the epidemic is particularly severe in Asian countries. Compared with European populations, Asians tend to develop diabetes at a younger age and at much higher incidence rates given the same amount of weight gain. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 70 loci associated with T2D. Although the majority of GWAS results were conducted in populations of European ancestry, recent GWAS in Asians have made important contributions to the identification of T2D susceptibility loci. These studies not only confirmed T2D susceptibility loci initially identified in European populations, but also identified novel susceptibility loci that provide new insights into the pathophysiology of diseases. In this article, we review GWAS results of T2D conducted in East and South Asians and compare them to those of European populations. Currently identified T2D genetic variants do not appear to explain the phenomenon that Asians are more susceptible to T2D than European populations, suggesting further studies in Asian populations are needed.
2型糖尿病（T2D）已成为全球主要的健康问题，在亚洲国家这一流行病尤为严重。与欧洲人群相比，亚洲人往往在更年轻的时候发病，并且在体重增加量相同的情况下发病率要高得多。全基因组关联研究（GWAS）已经确定了70多个与T2D相关的基因座。尽管大多数GWAS研究结果是在欧洲血统人群中得出的，但最近在亚洲人群中进行的GWAS研究为T2D易感基因座的识别做出了重要贡献。这些研究不仅证实了最初在欧洲人群中确定的T2D易感基因座，还发现了新的易感基因座，为疾病的病理生理学提供了新的见解。在本文中，我们回顾了在东亚和南亚人群中进行的T2D的GWAS研究结果，并将其与欧洲人群的结果进行比较。目前已确定的T2D基因变异似乎无法解释亚洲人比欧洲人群更容易患T2D这一现象，这表明需要对亚洲人群进行进一步研究。
