Zhu Jianxing, Wang Qiufeng, Yu Haili, Li Meiling, He Nianpeng
Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Chemosphere. 2016 Dec;164:128-133. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.105. Epub 2016 Aug 30.
Industrialization and urbanization have led to increasingly serious levels of atmospheric heavy metal pollution, which is one of the main sources of heavy metals to terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, it is essential to quantify atmospheric fluxes and explore their potential effects on natural ecosystems and human welfare. We monitored water-soluble heavy metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr)) in rainfalls on a monthly basis in 2013 and 2014, at 31 field stations located in typical natural Chinese ecosystems. The average soluble Pb, Cd, and Cr deposition was 1.90 ± 1.54, 0.28 ± 0.25, and 0.96 ± 0.48 mg m yr, respectively, with a large variation among the different sites. Generally, the atmospheric deposition of soluble Pb, Cd, and Cr was higher in the southwest, central, south, and north China than in the northwest and northeast China, Inner Mongolia, and Qinghai-Tibet. As expected, the atmospheric heavy soluble metal deposition fluxes were significantly correlated with the number of vehicles (Ps < 0.1). The wet deposition of soluble Pb and Cr was positively correlated with oil and coal consumption, unlike Cd deposition. Moreover, soluble Pb and Cd in atmospheric wet deposition were positively correlated with the contents of Pb and Cd in soil at different regions. In this study, atmospheric heavy metal deposition through rainfall in typical natural ecosystems in China is assessed at the national scale, alerting potential ecological hazards resulting from an increasing atmospheric heavy metal deposition and providing a basis for future studies.
工业化和城市化导致大气重金属污染日益严重，这是陆地生态系统重金属的主要来源之一。因此，量化大气通量并探索其对自然生态系统和人类福祉的潜在影响至关重要。2013年和2014年，我们在中国典型自然生态系统中的31个野外站点每月监测降雨中的水溶性重金属（铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）和铬（Cr））。可溶性Pb、Cd和Cr的平均沉积量分别为1.90±1.54、0.28±0.25和0.96±0.48 mg m⁻² yr⁻¹，不同站点之间差异很大。一般来说，中国西南、中部、南部和北部的可溶性Pb、Cd和Cr的大气沉积量高于西北、东北、内蒙古和青藏高原。正如预期的那样，大气中可溶性重金属沉积通量与车辆数量显著相关（P<0.1）。可溶性Pb和Cr的湿沉降与石油和煤炭消耗量呈正相关，与Cd沉降不同。此外，大气湿沉降中的可溶性Pb和Cd与不同地区土壤中Pb和Cd的含量呈正相关。本研究在全国范围内评估了中国典型自然生态系统中降雨引起的大气重金属沉积，警示了大气重金属沉积增加可能带来的潜在生态危害，并为未来研究提供了依据。
