Natural history of single vessel disease. Risk of sudden coronary death in relation to coronary anatomy and arrhythmia profile.

214 patients with single vessel disease were followed-up for 1-78 months (mean 48 months). Incidence of sudden death was studied in relation to coronary artery lesions, left ventricular wall motion and ventricular arrhythmias found during ambulatory ECG recording. Incidence of sudden death was 11% (16 of 144) in patients with lesions of the left anterior descending branch (LAD), 8% (4 of 55) in lesions of the right (RCA) and 7% (1 of 15) in those with lesions of the left circumflex (LCX) coronary artery. Coronary artery occlusion was associated with a significantly higher incidence of sudden death (15%, 18 of 123) than high-grade stenosis (3%, 3 of 91) (P less than 0.05). The risk of sudden death increased in patients with complex arrhythmias and occluded LAD or RCA (8 of 38, 21%; 2 of 12, 18%) compared with patients without complex arrhythmias (5 of 34, 15%; 1 of 18, 6%). One patient with LCX occlusion died suddenly. Our data show that the incidence of sudden death in relatively low in patients with single vessel disease. However, there is a high risk of sudden death in patients with LAD or RCA occlusion associated with akinetic left ventricular areas and complex arrhythmias.