Rauglas Erik, Martin Seth, Bailey Kandace, Magnuson Matthew, Phillips Rebecca, Harper Willie F
Air Force Institute of Technology, Department of Systems Engineering and Management, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA.
Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education Program, Air Force Institute of Technology, Department of Systems Engineering and Management, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2016 Dec 1;183:220-228. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.08.076. Epub 2016 Sep 1.
This study evaluated the effect of a VX (O-ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothioate) surrogate (malathion) on the activity, performance, and ecology of activated sludge bioreactors. In the presence of malathion, the maximum observed respiration rates varied between 43 and 53 μg/O2 min, generally similar to the 49 μg O2/min rates observed in controls. Malathion did not alter the respiration ratio of O2 consumed-to-CO2 produced nor did it impact the shape of the oxygen consumption curves during respirometry. Shorter term (12 h) batch tests showed that both chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia removal were not negatively impacted by the presence of 0.1-3 mg/L malathion. Longer term continuous addition (i.e. 40 days) of 0.1 mg/L of malathion also had no effect on COD and ammonia removal. In contrast to shorter term exposures, longer term continuous addition of 3 mg/L of malathion negatively impacted both COD and nitrogen removal and was associated with shifts in the abundance of species that are common to activated sludge. These results illustrate the impact that chemicals like malathion may have on COD removal, and nitrification, as well as the robustness of activated sludge microbial communities.
本研究评估了VX（O-乙基S-[2-(二异丙基氨基)乙基]甲基硫代磷酸酯）替代物（马拉硫磷）对活性污泥生物反应器的活性、性能及生态的影响。在有马拉硫磷存在的情况下，观察到的最大呼吸速率在43至53μg/O₂分钟之间，通常与对照中观察到的49μg O₂/分钟的速率相似。马拉硫磷既未改变消耗的O₂与产生的CO₂的呼吸比，也未影响呼吸测定期间耗氧曲线的形状。短期（12小时）批次试验表明，0.1 - 3mg/L的马拉硫磷的存在对化学需氧量（COD）和氨去除均无负面影响。长期连续添加（即40天）0.1mg/L的马拉硫磷对COD和氨去除也没有影响。与短期暴露不同，长期连续添加3mg/L的马拉硫磷对COD和氮去除均产生负面影响，并与活性污泥中常见物种丰度的变化有关。这些结果说明了马拉硫磷等化学物质可能对COD去除、硝化作用以及活性污泥微生物群落稳健性的影响。
