为什么我们觉得谈论灵性如此困难？对态度障碍的质性探索。
Why do We Find It so Hard to Discuss Spirituality? A Qualitative Exploration of Attitudinal Barriers.
作者信息
Best Megan, Butow Phyllis, Olver Ian
机构信息
Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group (PoCoG), University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
出版信息
J Clin Med. 2016 Sep 1;5(9):77. doi: 10.3390/jcm5090077.
BACKGROUND
Despite known health benefits of spiritual care and high patient interest in discussing spirituality with their physicians, the frequency of spiritual discussions in the medical consultation is low. We investigated spiritual conversations for doctors caring for patients with advanced cancer; why these conversations so difficult; and what the underlying challenges are for discussing spirituality with patients;
METHODS
Participants were contacted through the Australian and New Zealand Society of Palliative Medicine and the Medical Oncology Group of Australia, including physicians from two secular countries. Semi-structured interviews were taped and transcribed verbatim. The text was analyzed using thematic analysis;
RESULTS
Thematic saturation was reached after 23 participants had been interviewed. The following themes were identified: (1) confusing spirituality with religion; (2) peer pressure; (3) personal spirituality; (4) institutional factors; (5) historical factors;
CONCLUSION
This study explored the underlying attitudes contributing to the reluctance doctors have to discuss spirituality in the medical consultation. Underlying confusion regarding the differences between religion and spirituality, and the current suspicion with which religion is regarded in medicine needs to be addressed if discussion of spirituality in the medical consultation is to become routine. Historical opposition to a biopsychosocial-spiritual model of the human being is problematic.
背景
尽管精神关怀对健康有益，且患者对与医生讨论精神层面问题兴趣浓厚，但在医疗咨询中进行精神层面讨论的频率却很低。我们调查了为晚期癌症患者提供护理的医生之间的精神层面交流；为何这些交流如此困难；以及与患者讨论精神层面问题存在哪些潜在挑战；
方法
通过澳大利亚和新西兰姑息医学协会以及澳大利亚肿瘤内科学组联系参与者，其中包括来自两个世俗国家的医生。对半结构化访谈进行录音并逐字转录。使用主题分析法对文本进行分析；
结果
在采访了23名参与者后达到了主题饱和。确定了以下主题：（1）将精神层面与宗教混淆；（2）同伴压力；（3）个人精神层面；（4）制度因素；（5）历史因素；
结论
本研究探讨了导致医生在医疗咨询中不愿讨论精神层面问题的潜在态度。如果要使医疗咨询中的精神层面讨论成为常规，就需要解决宗教与精神层面差异的潜在困惑，以及当前医学对宗教的怀疑态度。历史上对人类生物心理社会 - 精神模型的反对存在问题。
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