Swaid Forat, Downs Darrell, Rosemurgy Alexander S
Florida Hospital Tampa, Southeastern Center for Digestive Disorders and Pancreatic Cancer, Tampa, FL, USA.
Florida Hospital Tampa, Southeastern Center for Digestive Disorders and Pancreatic Cancer, Tampa, FL, USA.
Cancer Genet. 2016 Dec;209(12):559-566. doi: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2016.08.004. Epub 2016 Aug 15.
The liver is a site of metastasis in 25% of metastatic cancers (Abbruzzese et al., 1995). In Western countries, metastases are the most common type of malignant neoplasms in the liver. The majority of liver metastases arise from carcinomas, but other primary tumor types should also be considered, such as lymphomas, sarcomas, melanomas, and germ cell tumors. Of primary liver malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common (Hertz et al., 2000). The differentiation between metastatic carcinoma to the liver and primary hepatocellular carcinoma is sometimes challenging. In the last decade, newer technologies have emerged and are being used to reinforce the existing traditional pathologic staining and immunohistochemistry techniques, thus increasing the accuracy of primary site detection, and suggesting new targeted treatment options. The purpose of this review is to present and summarize, in a practical and simplified manner, the current literature regarding the clinically challenging entity of liver metastasis from carcinomas of unknown primary.
在25%的转移性癌症中，肝脏是转移部位（阿布鲁泽塞等人，1995年）。在西方国家，肝转移瘤是肝脏中最常见的恶性肿瘤类型。大多数肝转移瘤起源于 carcinomas，但也应考虑其他原发性肿瘤类型，如淋巴瘤、肉瘤、黑色素瘤和生殖细胞肿瘤。在原发性肝脏恶性肿瘤中，肝细胞癌最为常见（赫兹等人，2000年）。肝转移性癌与原发性肝细胞癌之间的鉴别有时具有挑战性。在过去十年中，出现了更新的技术，并被用于加强现有的传统病理染色和免疫组织化学技术，从而提高了原发部位检测的准确性，并提出了新的靶向治疗选择。本综述的目的是以实用和简化的方式呈现和总结当前关于原发性不明的癌肝转移这一临床挑战性实体的文献。
