McGuirt Delaney
Radiol Technol. 2016 Sep;88(1):18-26.
To assess alternatives to sedation and general anesthesia to prepare children for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging examinations.
Online databases were searched for articles discussing methods of preparing children for MR imaging procedures. Because of the large number of articles returned, criteria were limited to only studies that prepared patients without the use of sedation or general anesthesia.
Twenty-four studies were deemed appropriate for inclusion in the review. The following methods emerged as alternatives to pediatric sedation: mock scanners, MR-compatible audiovisual systems, feed-sleep manipulation, play therapy, infant incubators/immobilizers, photo diaries, sucrose solutions, and guided imagery. The approaches with the most extensive research were mock MR scanners and feed-sleep manipulation.
Evidence supports the use of these alternative techniques as valid substitutes for pediatric sedation and general anesthesia.
To reduce the risks associated with sedation of pediatric patients, institutions could implement the alternatives discussed in this review. Cost analyses should be conducted first because some methods are more expensive than others. Finally, further research is needed to better assess the effectiveness of lesser-practiced methods, including photo diaries, sucrose solutions, and guided imagery.
评估在为儿童进行磁共振成像（MR）检查做准备时替代镇静和全身麻醉的方法。
检索在线数据库，查找讨论为儿童进行MR成像检查准备方法的文章。由于返回的文章数量众多，纳入标准仅限于那些未使用镇静或全身麻醉为患者做准备的研究。
24项研究被认为适合纳入该综述。以下方法成为儿科镇静的替代方法：模拟扫描仪、与MR兼容的视听系统、喂食 - 睡眠操作、游戏疗法、婴儿保育箱/固定器、照片日记、蔗糖溶液和引导式意象法。研究最为广泛的方法是模拟MR扫描仪和喂食 - 睡眠操作。
有证据支持使用这些替代技术作为儿科镇静和全身麻醉的有效替代方法。
为降低儿科患者镇静相关风险，医疗机构可采用本综述中讨论的替代方法。应首先进行成本分析，因为有些方法比其他方法更昂贵。最后，需要进一步研究以更好地评估较少应用方法（包括照片日记、蔗糖溶液和引导式意象法）的有效性。
