Landwehr Klaus
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Psychologisches Institut, Universität Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2017 Jan;79(1):223-229. doi: 10.3758/s13414-016-1205-5.
Following Cormack and Cormack (Perception & Psychophysics, 16, 208-212, 1974), modified versions of Titchener's (Experimental Psychology, Vol. 1, Pt. 1, 1901) ⊥, in which the ⊥'s lines were tilted (Experiment 1), or tilted and dissected into two separate lines (Experiment 2), were used as stimuli. In Experiment 1, the overestimation of the length of the ⊥'s vertical, undivided line tended to decrease with its tilt relative to the horizontal, divided line. For ⊥s rotated 90° or 270°, the divided line was tilted, and the overestimation of the length of the now horizontal, undivided line vanished except for ⊥s with orthogonal lines. Separation of the ⊥'s lines in Experiment 2 led to an attenuation of the overestimation of the length of the undivided line for the default ⊥, and an underestimation of the length of this line for rotated ⊥s. Results only partly confirm Cormack and Cormack, probably because of the different psychophysical methods used. Findings support the notion of a T-schema as a coherent unit in midlevel visual processing, but also suggest medium- and long-range interactions between orientation-sensitive neural mechanisms.
参照科马克和科马克（《知觉与心理物理学》，第16卷，第208 - 212页，1974年）的研究，采用了蒂奇纳（《实验心理学》，第1卷，第1部分，1901年）的⊥的修改版本作为刺激物，其中⊥的线条是倾斜的（实验1），或者倾斜并分割成两条单独的线（实验2）。在实验1中，⊥的垂直、未分割线长度的高估倾向于随着其相对于水平分割线的倾斜度而降低。对于旋转90°或270°的⊥，分割线是倾斜的，除了线条正交的⊥之外，现在水平的未分割线长度的高估消失了。实验2中⊥线条的分离导致默认⊥的未分割线长度高估的减弱，以及旋转⊥的这条线长度的低估。结果仅部分证实了科马克和科马克的研究，可能是因为使用了不同的心理物理学方法。研究结果支持了T - 图式作为中级视觉处理中连贯单元的概念，但也表明了方向敏感神经机制之间的中程和远程相互作用。
