Mitterer Holger, Mattys Sven L
Department of Cognitive Science, Faculty of Media and Knowledge Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, MSD, 2080, Malta.
Department of Psychology, University of York, York, UK.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2017 Jan;79(1):344-351. doi: 10.3758/s13414-016-1195-3.
Two experiments investigated the conditions under which cognitive load exerts an effect on the acuity of speech perception. These experiments extend earlier research by using a different speech perception task (four-interval oddity task) and by implementing cognitive load through a task often thought to be modular, namely, face processing. In the cognitive-load conditions, participants were required to remember two faces presented before the speech stimuli. In Experiment 1, performance in the speech-perception task under cognitive load was not impaired in comparison to a no-load baseline condition. In Experiment 2, we modified the load condition minimally such that it required encoding of the two faces simultaneously with the speech stimuli. As a reference condition, we also used a visual search task that in earlier experiments had led to poorer speech perception. Both concurrent tasks led to decrements in the speech task. The results suggest that speech perception is affected even by loads thought to be processed modularly, and that, critically, encoding in working memory might be the locus of interference.
两项实验研究了认知负荷对言语感知敏锐度产生影响的条件。这些实验通过使用不同的言语感知任务（四间隔奇偶数任务）以及通过一项通常被认为是模块化的任务（即面部处理）来施加认知负荷，从而扩展了早期的研究。在认知负荷条件下，要求参与者记住在言语刺激之前呈现的两张面孔。在实验1中，与无负荷基线条件相比，认知负荷下言语感知任务的表现并未受损。在实验2中，我们对负荷条件进行了最小程度的修改，使其要求在言语刺激的同时对两张面孔进行编码。作为参考条件，我们还使用了一项视觉搜索任务，在早期实验中该任务导致言语感知较差。两项并发任务均导致言语任务成绩下降。结果表明，言语感知即使受到被认为是模块化处理的负荷的影响，并且关键的是，工作记忆中的编码可能是干扰的位点。
