Kotchen J M, McKean H E, Neill M, Kotchen T A
Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506.
J Clin Epidemiol. 1989;42(8):735-41. doi: 10.1016/0895-4356(89)90069-3.
In children, blood pressure is more closely related to height and indices of maturation than to age. This study extends observations on the relationship between height, weight, maturation and blood pressure during early adolescence into young adulthood. Standardized measurements of blood pressure, height, and weight were initially obtained in all 14-15 year old adolescents (N = 304) in a rural Kentucky school system. Measurements were repeated 5 and 8 years later. Adolescents with relatively high blood pressures continued to have higher blood pressures as young adults. Increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure over time were related to increases of relative weight in both sexes (p less than 0.0001 and p less than 0.005, respectively), and in males increases of systolic blood pressure were related to increases of height (p less than 0.005). However, males who attained their full height at younger ages had higher blood pressures both during adolescence and subsequently, as young adults. Thus blood pressure of young adults is related to blood pressure in adolescence, relative weight and change in relative weight since adolescence, and in males to age of maturation as determined by the age at which adult height is attained.
在儿童中，血压与身高及成熟指标的关系比与年龄的关系更为密切。本研究将对青春期早期至青年期身高、体重、成熟度与血压之间关系的观察进行了扩展。最初，对肯塔基州农村学校系统中所有14至15岁的青少年（N = 304）进行了血压、身高和体重的标准化测量。5年后和8年后又重复进行了测量。血压相对较高的青少年在成年后血压仍然较高。随着时间的推移，收缩压和舒张压的升高与两性相对体重的增加有关（分别为p < 0.0001和p < 0.005），在男性中，收缩压的升高与身高的增加有关（p < 0.005）。然而，在较年轻时达到成年身高的男性在青春期及之后成年期的血压都较高。因此，青年期的血压与青春期的血压、相对体重以及自青春期以来相对体重的变化有关，在男性中还与由成年身高达到时的年龄所确定的成熟年龄有关。
