Hillman Charles H, Biggan John R
1 Northeastern University.
2 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2017 May;29(2):170-176. doi: 10.1123/pes.2016-0125. Epub 2016 Sep 6.
This manuscript, which arose from the inaugural Tom Rowland Lecture Series at the 2016 North American Society for Pediatric Exercise Medicine conference, provides a brief descriptive review of what is known (i.e., the state of the science) regarding the relation of childhood physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to brain health, cognition, and academic outcomes. Gaps in the knowledgebase are identified, including characteristics of the PA stimulus that promotes changes in brain and cognition, whether critical periods in development exist in which PA/CRF may have a disproportionately large influence, the understanding of individual difference factors, and the influence upon learning. Lastly, several possible directions for future research are proposed. Although the field of childhood PA, CRF, brain, and cognition is rapidly expanding, there is considerable room for future growth. This manuscript may be helpful in shaping that future growth, with the goal of improving lifelong health and effective functioning.
本手稿源自2016年北美儿科运动医学学会会议首届汤姆·罗兰讲座系列，简要描述了关于儿童身体活动（PA）和心肺适能（CRF）与脑健康、认知及学业成绩之间关系的已知情况（即科学现状）。文中指出了知识库中的空白，包括促进大脑和认知变化的PA刺激的特征、发育过程中是否存在PA/CRF可能产生 disproportionately large 影响的关键时期、对个体差异因素的理解以及对学习的影响。最后，提出了几个未来研究的可能方向。尽管儿童PA、CRF、脑和认知领域正在迅速扩展，但未来仍有很大的发展空间。本手稿可能有助于塑造这一未来发展，目标是改善终身健康和有效功能。
