Rehman Hafiz M, Mahmood Riaz, Razaq Muhammad, Reddy Gadi V P
Department of Entomology, University College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan (
CABI Central and West Asia, Opposite 1-A, Data Gunj Bukhsh Rd., Satellite Town, Rawalpindi, Pakistan (
J Econ Entomol. 2016 Dec 1;109(6):2446-2453. doi: 10.1093/jee/tow189.
Since 2005, mango has been damaged by a group of new pests, the gall midges, in all mango-growing areas of Pakistan. Little is known about these pests in Pakistan. In this report, we present information on the occurrence, damage patterns, methods for monitoring, and management of Procontarinia mangiferae (Felt), a mango gall midge found in the country. At the study site (Rahim Yar Khan, a district of the province Punjab, Pakistan), the pest was active from January/February to April as eggs, larvae, and adults on mango inflorescence buds, branches (axillaries), and immature fruits. Females of P. mangiferae oviposited in inflorescence tissues, and larvae, after feeding on plant tissues, dropped to the soil under the mango trees for pupation from February to April. Mango trees in commercial orchards were more heavily damaged by P. mangiferae than were isolated trees in farmer fields (66.7%). The adults of P. mangiferae were captured on sticky traps of all tested colors, and were in flight from January to May. Captures per trap were highest on yellow traps, followed by green, blue, and clear traps. Control of mango gall midge was effectively provided by the synthetic insecticide bifenthrin (Talstar 10 EC) and also by application of neem seed kernel extract on the tree canopy if integrated with raking the soil under the mango tree canopy.
自2005年以来，巴基斯坦所有芒果种植区的芒果都受到了一群新害虫——瘿蚊的侵害。在巴基斯坦，人们对这些害虫了解甚少。在本报告中，我们介绍了该国发现的芒果瘿蚊（Procontarinia mangiferae (Felt)）的发生情况、危害模式、监测方法和防治措施。在研究地点（巴基斯坦旁遮普省拉希姆亚尔汗区），该害虫于1月/2月至4月活跃，以卵、幼虫和成虫的形态出现在芒果花序芽、枝条（腋芽）和未成熟果实上。芒果瘿蚊的雌虫在花序组织中产卵，幼虫取食植物组织后，于2月至4月落到芒果树下的土壤中化蛹。商业果园中的芒果树比农户田间的孤立树木受芒果瘿蚊的危害更严重（66.7%）。所有测试颜色的粘虫板都能捕获到芒果瘿蚊的成虫，其飞行期为1月至5月。每个诱捕器捕获量在黄色诱捕器上最高，其次是绿色、蓝色和透明诱捕器。合成杀虫剂联苯菊酯（Talstar 10 EC）以及在树冠上施用印楝种仁提取物并结合耙松芒果树冠下的土壤，能有效防治芒果瘿蚊。
