Chung Soo-Ho
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea.
J Menopausal Med. 2016 Aug;22(2):65-70. doi: 10.6118/jmm.2016.22.2.65. Epub 2016 Aug 30.
Cervical cancer is the third most prevalent cancer in women around the world. Recently in Korea, the incidence of cervical cancer has decreased, but in all stages of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), CIN has shown a 91% increase from 1999 to 2008. Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been found to be the main cause of cervical cancer. HPV types 16 and 18 have been found in 70% of cervical cancer patients around the world. Cervical cancer screening such as cytology has limitations in terms of sensitivity and specificity. A discussion about the need for the HPV test is becoming active in order to compensate for the limitation of cytology. After the role of HPV in cervical cancer was identified, the importance of HPV detection test as a screening was emphasized. Several tests have been developed and each test has its own advantages and disadvantages, and new test method to overcome the disadvantages is still being developed. Today's guidelines and tests are those you would choose from among the large number of cervical cancer screening guidelines and tests, based on the consideration that the selected guidelines and the test are effective.
宫颈癌是全球女性中第三大常见癌症。最近在韩国，宫颈癌的发病率有所下降，但在宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）的各个阶段，从1999年到2008年，CIN的发病率增长了91%。已发现持续性人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染是宫颈癌的主要病因。在全球70%的宫颈癌患者中发现了16型和18型HPV。诸如细胞学检查等宫颈癌筛查在敏感性和特异性方面存在局限性。为了弥补细胞学检查的局限性，关于HPV检测必要性的讨论日益活跃。在确定HPV在宫颈癌中的作用后，强调了HPV检测作为筛查手段的重要性。已经开发了几种检测方法，每种检测方法都有其自身的优缺点，并且仍在开发克服这些缺点的新检测方法。如今的指南和检测方法是基于所选指南和检测方法有效的考虑，从大量宫颈癌筛查指南和检测方法中挑选出来的。
