上、下气道阻塞性肺疾病中的睡眠障碍及睡眠呼吸紊乱
Sleep complaints and sleep breathing disorders in upper and lower obstructive lung diseases.
作者信息
Ferrando Matteo, Bagnasco Diego, Roustan Valeria, Canonica Giorgio Walter, Braido Fulvio, Baiardini Ilaria
机构信息
Respiratory and Allergy Diseases Clinic, DIMI, University of Genoa, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy ;
ENT Department, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
出版信息
J Thorac Dis. 2016 Aug;8(8):E716-25. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2016.07.82.
Upper and lower obstructive lung diseases can induce sleep complaints and can be part of the pathogenesis of sleep breathing disorders. In fact, the physiological changes of the pattern of respiration during sleep, added to the airways disease can lead to symptomatic worsening of rhinitis, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD); moreover, their functional and anatomical features can lead to sleep breathing disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). This review highlights the above-mentioned relationships and the effect of disease management on its comorbidities and the patient's quality of life. Rhinitis, asthma and COPD represent causes of sleep complaints that may be reduced with optimal management of these obstructive airways diseases. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment of sleep apnea needs to be tailored after optimization of the therapy of concomitant diseases, but it can often ameliorate comorbid disease.
上、下气道阻塞性疾病可引发睡眠问题，且可能是睡眠呼吸障碍发病机制的一部分。事实上，睡眠期间呼吸模式的生理变化，加上气道疾病，可导致鼻炎、哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）症状加重；此外，它们的功能和解剖学特征可导致睡眠呼吸障碍，如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）。本综述重点介绍上述关系以及疾病管理对其合并症和患者生活质量的影响。鼻炎、哮喘和COPD是导致睡眠问题的原因，对这些阻塞性气道疾病进行优化管理可能会减少睡眠问题。睡眠呼吸暂停的持续气道正压通气（CPAP）治疗需要在优化伴发疾病治疗后进行调整，但它通常可改善合并症。
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