Terwoert Jeroen, Verbist Koen, Heussen Henri
Centre of Expertise, Dutch Labour Inspectorate, Utrecht, Netherlands; TNO, The Hague, Netherlands.
Cosanta BV, Amstelveen, Netherlands; Arbo Unie, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Saf Health Work. 2016 Sep;7(3):185-93. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2015.12.002. Epub 2015 Dec 18.
Management and workers in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) often find it hard to comprehend the requirements related to controlling risks due to exposure to substances. An intervention study was set up in order to support 45 SMEs in improving the management of the risks of occupational exposure to chemicals, and in using the control banding tool and exposure model Stoffenmanager in this process.
A 2-year intervention study was carried out, in which a mix of individual and collective training and support was offered, and baseline and effect measurements were carried out by means of structured interviews, in order to measure progress made. A seven-phase implementation evolutionary ladder was used for this purpose. Success and failure factors were identified by means of company visits and structured interviews.
Most companies clearly moved upwards on the implementation evolutionary ladder; 76% of the companies by at least one phase, and 62% by at least two phases. Success and failure factors were described.
Active training and coaching helped the participating companies to improve their chemical risk management, and to avoid making mistakes when using and applying Stoffenmanager. The use of validated tools embedded in a community platform appears to support companies to organize and structure their chemical risk management in a business-wise manner, but much depends upon motivated occupational health and safety (OHS) professionals, management support, and willingness to invest time and means.
中小企业的管理人员和工人常常发现，由于接触某些物质而难以理解与风险控制相关的要求。为此开展了一项干预研究，以支持45家中小企业改善职业接触化学品风险的管理，并在此过程中使用控制分级工具和暴露模型Stoffenmanager。
开展了一项为期两年的干预研究，提供了个人和集体培训与支持的组合，并通过结构化访谈进行基线和效果测量，以衡量取得的进展。为此使用了一个七阶段实施进化阶梯。通过公司走访和结构化访谈确定了成功和失败因素。
大多数公司在实施进化阶梯上明显向上迈进；76%的公司至少前进了一个阶段，62%的公司至少前进了两个阶段。描述了成功和失败因素。
积极的培训和指导帮助参与的公司改善其化学品风险管理，并在使用和应用Stoffenmanager时避免犯错。在社区平台中嵌入经过验证的工具似乎有助于公司以符合商业逻辑的方式组织和构建其化学品风险管理，但很大程度上取决于积极主动的职业健康与安全（OHS）专业人员、管理层支持以及投入时间和资源的意愿。
