Schalk Isabelle J, Cunrath Olivier
UMR 7242, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS, ESBS, Blvd Sébastien Brant, F-67413, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France.
Environ Microbiol. 2016 Oct;18(10):3227-3246. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.13525. Epub 2016 Oct 6.
Biological metal ions, including Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni and Zn ions, are necessary for the survival and the growth of all microorganisms. Their biological functions are linked to their particular chemical properties: they play a role in structuring macromolecules and/or act as co-factors catalyzing diverse biochemical reactions. These metal ions are also essential for microbial pathogens during infection: they are involved in bacterial metabolism and various virulence factor functions. Therefore, during infection, bacteria need to acquire biological metal ions from the host such that there is competition for these ions between the bacterium and the host. Evidence is increasingly emerging of "nutritional immunity" against pathogens in the hosts; this includes strategies making access to metals difficult for infecting bacteria. It is clear that biological metals play key roles during infection and in the battle between the pathogens and the host. Here, we summarize current knowledge about the strategies used by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to access the various biological metals it requires. P. aeruginosa is a medically significant Gram-negative bacterial opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients and that is responsible for nosocomial infections worldwide.
包括钴、铜、铁、镁、锰、钼、镍和锌离子在内的生物金属离子，对所有微生物的生存和生长都是必需的。它们的生物学功能与其特定的化学性质相关：它们在构建大分子中发挥作用和/或作为催化各种生化反应的辅助因子。这些金属离子在感染过程中对微生物病原体也至关重要：它们参与细菌代谢和各种毒力因子功能。因此，在感染期间，细菌需要从宿主获取生物金属离子，从而在细菌和宿主之间存在对这些离子的竞争。越来越多的证据表明宿主对病原体存在“营养免疫”；这包括使感染细菌难以获取金属的策略。显然，生物金属在感染期间以及病原体与宿主之间的斗争中发挥着关键作用。在此，我们总结了目前关于铜绿假单胞菌获取其所需各种生物金属所采用策略的知识。铜绿假单胞菌是一种具有医学重要性的革兰氏阴性细菌机会致病菌，可在囊性纤维化患者中引起严重的慢性肺部感染，并且在全球范围内导致医院感染。
