Li Zhimin, Shang Charles
Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
The Permanente Medical Group, 901 Nevin Ave, Richmond, CA, 94801, USA; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, 1504 Taub Loop. 2Rm81-001, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2017 Jan;123:42-47. doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2016.09.001. Epub 2016 Sep 12.
A model of growth control system suggests that the organizers in embryogenesis continue to exist and partially retain their function after embryogenesis. The organizers are the macroscopic singular points of the morphogen gradient and bioelectric fields. They have higher metabolic rate, higher density of gap junctions and stem cells than the surrounding tissue. The growth control model predicts that the organizers are likely to exist at the extreme points of surface or interface curvature of the body. Changes in bioelectric field at organizers precede the morphological and anatomical changes in morphogenesis and pathogenesis. Subtle perturbations at organizers can cause long lasting systemic effects. These features of organizers can be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes such as regenerative medicine. There is increasing evidence that acupuncture points are likely to have originated from organizers in embryogenesis. Many corollaries and predictions of the growth control model have been independently confirmed in developmental biology, physiology, as well as basic and clinical acupuncture research. This model set the first example of a truly integrative biological basis of acupuncture and conventional biomedical sciences which has met the gold standard of science with multiple confirmed predictions in both fields. The growth control system is embedded in various physiological systems and is part of the foundation of physiology and pathophysiology.
一种生长控制系统模型表明，胚胎发育过程中的组织者在胚胎发育后继续存在并部分保留其功能。组织者是形态发生素梯度和生物电场的宏观奇点。它们比周围组织具有更高的代谢率、更高密度的间隙连接和干细胞。生长控制模型预测，组织者可能存在于身体表面或界面曲率的极值点处。组织者处生物电场的变化先于形态发生和发病过程中的形态学和解剖学变化。组织者处的细微扰动可引起持久的全身效应。组织者的这些特征可用于诊断和治疗目的，如再生医学。越来越多的证据表明，穴位可能起源于胚胎发育过程中的组织者。生长控制模型的许多推论和预测已在发育生物学、生理学以及基础和临床针灸研究中得到独立证实。该模型为针灸与传统生物医学科学真正整合的生物学基础树立了首个范例，该范例在两个领域都有多个得到证实的预测，符合科学的黄金标准。生长控制系统嵌入各种生理系统中，是生理学和病理生理学基础的一部分。
