Akulov M A, Hat'kova S E, Mokienko O A, Orlova O R, Usachev D Yu, Zakharov V O, Orlova A S, Tomskiy A A
Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia.
Medical and Rehabilitation Center, Moscow, Russia; Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia.
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2016;116(8):30-35. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20161168130-35.
Spasticity is a type of muscle hyperactivity that occurs in patients after focal lesions of the Central nervous system due to various diseases: stroke, traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury, neurosurgical intervention, as well as multiple sclerosis and other diseases of the Central nervous system and is the most disability manifestation of the syndrome of upper motor neuron (UMNS). Focal spasticity of the upper limb requires a complex treatment. Botulinum toxin therapy is an effective treatment for focal/multifocal spasticity in reducing muscle tone and improving function with the highest level of evidence according to the latest American and European guidelines for treatment of spasticity. There are many publications devoted to BTA use in post-stroke patients. This article provides a review of the BTA use in patients with the upper limb spasticity due to severe traumatic brain injury. Some local data on the BTA efficacy in the cohort of patients with traumatic brain injury are also presented.
痉挛是一种肌肉活动亢进，发生于因各种疾病导致中枢神经系统局灶性病变的患者，这些疾病包括中风、创伤性脑损伤或脊髓损伤、神经外科手术干预，以及多发性硬化症和其他中枢神经系统疾病，它是上运动神经元综合征（UMNS）最致残的表现形式。上肢局灶性痉挛需要综合治疗。根据美国和欧洲最新的痉挛治疗指南，肉毒毒素疗法是治疗局灶性/多灶性痉挛、降低肌张力和改善功能的有效疗法，证据级别最高。有许多关于肉毒毒素A（BTA）用于中风后患者的出版物。本文综述了BTA在重度创伤性脑损伤所致上肢痉挛患者中的应用。还介绍了一些关于BTA在创伤性脑损伤患者队列中疗效的本地数据。
