Angulo-Parker Francisco J, Adkinson Joshua M
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 545 Barnhill Drive, Emerson Hall 232, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Hand Clin. 2018 Nov;34(4):437-443. doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2018.06.001. Epub 2018 Aug 18.
Spasticity is a motor disorder that manifests as a component of the upper motor neuron syndrome. It is associated with paralysis and can cause significant disability. The most common causes leading to spasticity include stroke, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and cerebral palsy. This article discusses the pathophysiology and clinical findings associated with each of the most common etiologies of upper extremity spasticity.
痉挛是一种运动障碍，表现为上运动神经元综合征的一个组成部分。它与瘫痪相关，可导致严重残疾。导致痉挛的最常见原因包括中风、创伤性脑损伤、多发性硬化症、脊髓损伤和脑瘫。本文讨论了与上肢痉挛最常见病因相关的病理生理学和临床发现。
