Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua First Road, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2017 Mar;13(3):149-160. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2016.142. Epub 2016 Sep 16.
Obesity is reaching global epidemic proportions as a result of factors such as high-calorie diets and lack of physical exercise. Obesity is now considered to be a medical condition, which not only contributes to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and cancer, but also negatively affects longevity and quality of life. To combat this epidemic, anti-obesogenic approaches are required that are safe, widely available and inexpensive. Several plants and mushrooms that are consumed in traditional Chinese medicine or as nutraceuticals contain antioxidants, fibre and other phytochemicals, and have anti-obesogenic and antidiabetic effects through the modulation of diverse cellular and physiological pathways. These effects include appetite reduction, modulation of lipid absorption and metabolism, enhancement of insulin sensitivity, thermogenesis and changes in the gut microbiota. In this Review, we describe the molecular mechanisms that underlie the anti-obesogenic and antidiabetic effects of these plants and mushrooms, and propose that combining these food items with existing anti-obesogenic approaches might help to reduce obesity and its complications.
肥胖症是由于高热量饮食和缺乏体育锻炼等因素导致的全球性流行疾病。肥胖症现在被认为是一种医学病症，不仅会增加患 2 型糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症的风险，还会对寿命和生活质量产生负面影响。为了应对这一流行疾病，需要采取安全、广泛可及且价格低廉的抗肥胖方法。一些在中国传统医学中被食用或作为营养保健品的植物和蘑菇含有抗氧化剂、纤维和其他植物化学物质，通过调节多种细胞和生理途径，具有抗肥胖和抗糖尿病作用。这些作用包括减少食欲、调节脂质吸收和代谢、增强胰岛素敏感性、产热和改变肠道微生物群。在这篇综述中，我们描述了这些植物和蘑菇具有抗肥胖和抗糖尿病作用的分子机制，并提出将这些食物与现有的抗肥胖方法相结合，可能有助于减少肥胖症及其并发症。
