Babo Pedro S, Carvalho Pedro P, Santo Vítor E, Faria Susana, Gomes Manuela E, Reis Rui L
3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
CMAT - Centre of Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Applications, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal.
J Biomater Appl. 2016 Nov;31(5):637-649. doi: 10.1177/0885328216669474. Epub 2016 Sep 16.
Injectable calcium phosphate cements have been used as a valid alternative to autologous bone grafts for bone augmentation with the additional advantage of enabling minimally invasive implantation procedures and for perfectly fitting the tissue defect. Nevertheless, they have low biodegradability and lack adequate biochemical signaling to promote bone healing and remodeling. In previous in vitro studies, we observed that the incorporation of platelet lysate directly into the cement paste or loaded in hyaluronic acid microspheres allowed to modulate the cement degradation and the in vitro expression of osteogenic markers in seeded human adipose derived stem cells. The present study aimed at investigating the possible effect of this system in new bone formation when implanted in calvarial bilateral defects in rats. Different formulations were assessed, namely plain calcium phosphate cements, calcium phosphate cements loaded with human platelet lysate, hybrid injectable formulations composed of the calcium phosphate cement incorporating hyaluronin acid non-loaded microparticles (20% hyaluronin acid) or with particles loaded with platelet lysate. The degradability and new bone regrowth were evaluated in terms of mineral volume in the defect, measured by micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis upon 4, 8 and 12 weeks of implantation. We observed that the incorporation of hyaluronin acid microspheres induced an overly rapid cement degradation, impairing the osteoconductive properties of the cement composites. Moreover, the incorporation of platelet lysate induced higher bone healing than the materials without platelet lysate, up to four weeks after surgery. Nevertheless, this effect was not found to be significant when compared to the one observed in the sham-treated group.
可注射磷酸钙骨水泥已被用作自体骨移植的有效替代物，用于骨增量，具有能够进行微创植入手术以及完美贴合组织缺损的额外优势。然而，它们的生物降解性低，并且缺乏促进骨愈合和重塑的足够生化信号。在先前的体外研究中，我们观察到将血小板裂解物直接掺入水泥糊剂中或负载于透明质酸微球中，可以调节水泥的降解以及接种的人脂肪来源干细胞中成骨标志物的体外表达。本研究旨在调查该系统植入大鼠颅骨双侧缺损时在新骨形成中的可能作用。评估了不同的配方，即普通磷酸钙骨水泥、负载人血小板裂解物的磷酸钙骨水泥、由掺入未负载透明质酸微粒（20%透明质酸）或负载血小板裂解物微粒的磷酸钙骨水泥组成的混合可注射配方。在植入后4、8和12周，通过微计算机断层扫描和组织形态计量分析，根据缺损处矿物质体积评估降解性和新骨再生情况。我们观察到，掺入透明质酸微球会导致水泥降解过快，损害水泥复合材料的骨传导性能。此外，与不含血小板裂解物的材料相比，掺入血小板裂解物在术后四周内诱导了更高的骨愈合。然而，与假手术组相比，这种效果并不显著。
