Murphy Robert F, Mooney James F
Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas St, CSB 708, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2016 Dec;9(4):462-469. doi: 10.1007/s12178-016-9372-5.
Complications following spine fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis can be characterized as either intra-operative or post-operative. The most serious and feared complication is neurologic injury, both in the intra- and post-operative period. Other intra-operative complications include dural tears and ophthalmologic or peripheral nerve deficits, which may be related to positioning. Among the most common post-operative complications are surgical site infection, venous thromboembolism, gastrointestinal complications, and implant-related complications. Significant blood loss requiring transfusion, traditionally considered a known sequelae of spine fusion, is now being recognized as a "complication" in large national databases. Pediatric spine surgeons who care for patients with AIS must be thoroughly familiar with all potential complications and their management.
青少年特发性脊柱侧弯脊柱融合术后的并发症可分为术中并发症或术后并发症。最严重且令人担忧的并发症是神经损伤，无论是在术中还是术后。其他术中并发症包括硬脊膜撕裂以及可能与体位有关的眼科或周围神经功能缺损。最常见的术后并发症包括手术部位感染、静脉血栓栓塞、胃肠道并发症以及与植入物相关的并发症。传统上被认为是脊柱融合已知后遗症的需要输血的大量失血，现在在大型国家数据库中被视为一种“并发症”。治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧弯患者的儿科脊柱外科医生必须全面熟悉所有潜在并发症及其处理方法。
