Paris Tim, Kim Jeesun, Davis Chris
The MARCS Institute, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
The MARCS Institute, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Neuroscience. 2017 Feb 20;343:157-164. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.09.023. Epub 2016 Sep 17.
Auditory-visual (AV) events often involve a leading visual cue (e.g. auditory-visual speech) that allows the perceiver to generate predictions about the upcoming auditory event. Electrophysiological evidence suggests that when an auditory event is predicted, processing is sped up, i.e., the N1 component of the ERP occurs earlier (N1 facilitation). However, it is not clear (1) whether N1 facilitation is based specifically on predictive rather than multisensory integration and (2) which particular properties of the visual cue it is based on. The current experiment used artificial AV stimuli in which visual cues predicted but did not co-occur with auditory cues. Visual form cues (high and low salience) and the auditory-visual pairing were manipulated so that auditory predictions could be based on form and timing or on timing only. The results showed that N1 facilitation occurred only for combined form and temporal predictions. These results suggest that faster auditory processing (as indicated by N1 facilitation) is based on predictive processing generated by a visual cue that clearly predicts both what and when the auditory stimulus will occur.
视听（AV）事件通常涉及一个主导视觉线索（如视听语音），它能让感知者对即将到来的听觉事件进行预测。电生理证据表明，当预测到听觉事件时，处理速度会加快，即事件相关电位（ERP）的N1成分出现得更早（N1易化）。然而，尚不清楚：（1）N1易化是否 specifically基于预测而非多感官整合；（2）它基于视觉线索的哪些特定属性。当前实验使用了人工AV刺激，其中视觉线索进行预测但不与听觉线索同时出现。操纵视觉形式线索（高显著性和低显著性）以及视听配对，以便听觉预测可以基于形式和时间，或者仅基于时间。结果表明，N1易化仅出现在形式和时间联合预测的情况下。这些结果表明，更快的听觉处理（如N1易化所示）基于由视觉线索产生的预测处理，该视觉线索能清楚地预测听觉刺激将在何时以及出现什么。
