2011 - 2014年尼日利亚拉各斯儿童结核病病例通报趋势。

Trend of childhood TB case notification in Lagos, Nigeria, 2011-2014.

作者信息

Daniel Olusoji James, Adejumo Olusola Adedeji, Abdur-Razzaq Husseine A, Ebunoluwa Jaiyesimi O

机构信息

Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Department of Community Health and Primary Health Care, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.

出版信息

Int J Mycobacteriol. 2015 Sep;4(3):239-44. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmyco.2015.05.010. Epub 2015 Jun 19.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijmyco.2015.05.010

PMID:27649872

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Childhood tuberculosis (TB) has been neglected by national TB programs in sub-Saharan Africa because of the emphasis on adult smear-positive TB cases. About 80,000 HIV children die from TB, and over 550,000 childhood TB cases occur annually, representing 6% of the global TB burden, making TB an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Thus, this study assessed the trend of childhood TB cases notified in Lagos, Nigeria from 2011 to 2014.

METHODS

Retrospective data review of childhood TB cases notified to the Lagos State TB and Leprosy Control Programme (LSTBLCP) between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2014.

RESULTS

A total of 2396 children were treated for all forms of TB representing 6.8% of the total 35,305 TB cases notified during the study period. This constituted 1102 (46%) males and 1294 (54%) females. There was a progressive increase in the proportion of children treated for TB from 495 (5.9%) in 2011, 539 (6.4%) in 2012, 682 (7.2%) in 2013 and 680 (7.6%) in 2014. Of the total childhood TB cases notified, 16.3-20% were new sputum pulmonary smear positive; 68.2-74.6% were new sputum pulmonary smear negative; while extra-pulmonary TB accounted for 6.7-10.6%. The case notification rate (CNR) of childhood TB per 100,000 increased from 13.4 in 2011, 14.3 in 2012, 17.7 in 2013 and 17.2 in 2014.

CONCLUSION

There was an increase in the case notification rate of TB among children between 2011 and 2014. Efforts should be made to sustain this increasing trend.

摘要

背景

由于撒哈拉以南非洲国家结核病规划重点关注成人涂片阳性结核病病例，儿童结核病一直被忽视。约80000名感染艾滋病毒的儿童死于结核病，每年有超过550000例儿童结核病病例发生，占全球结核病负担的6%，这使得结核病成为儿童发病和死亡的重要原因。因此，本研究评估了2011年至2014年尼日利亚拉各斯市儿童结核病病例通报趋势。

方法

对2011年1月1日至2014年12月31日通报给拉各斯州结核病和麻风病控制规划（LSTBLCP）的儿童结核病病例进行回顾性数据审查。

结果

共有2396名儿童接受了各种形式的结核病治疗，占研究期间通报的35305例结核病病例总数的6.8%。其中男性1102例（46%），女性1294例（54%）。接受结核病治疗的儿童比例呈逐年上升趋势，2011年为495例（5.9%），2012年为539例（6.4%），2013年为682例（7.2%），2014年为680例（7.6%）。在通报的儿童结核病病例总数中，16.3%-20%为新发痰涂片阳性肺结核；68.2%-74.6%为新发痰涂片阴性肺结核；而肺外结核占6.7%-10.6%。每10万人中儿童结核病病例通报率（CNR）从2011年的13.4、2012年的14.3、2013年的17.7上升至2014年的17.2。