Levy Tom, Rosen Ohad, Eilam Brit, Azulay Dudu, Aflalo Eliahu D, Manor Rivka, Shechter Assaf, Sagi Amir
Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Enzootic HK, Ltd., Unit 1109, 11/F, Kowloon Centre, 33 Ashley Road, Tsimshatsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2016 Oct;18(5):554-563. doi: 10.1007/s10126-016-9717-5. Epub 2016 Sep 21.
Monosex culture, common in animal husbandry, enables gender-specific management. Here, production of all-female prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) was achieved by a novel biotechnology comprising three steps: (a) A single injection of suspended hypertrophied androgenic gland cells caused fully functional sex reversal of females into "neo-males" bearing the WZ genotype; (b) crossing neo-males with normal females (WZ) yielded genomically validated WW females; and (c) WW females crossed with normal males (ZZ) yielded all-female progeny. This is the first sustainable biotechnology for large-scale all-female crustacean aquaculture. The approach is particularly suited to species in which females are superior to males and offers seedstock protection, thereby ensuring a quality seed supply. Our technology will thus revolutionize not only the structure of the crustacean aquaculture industry but can also be applied to other sectors. Finally, the production of viable and reproducible females lacking the Z chromosome questions its role, with respect to sexuality.
单性养殖在畜牧业中很常见，可实现针对性别的管理。在此，通过一种包含三个步骤的新型生物技术实现了全雌罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergii）的生产：（a）单次注射悬浮的肥大雄性腺细胞可使雌性完全功能性逆转成携带WZ基因型的“新雄性”；（b）新雄性与正常雌性（WZ）杂交产生经基因组验证的WW雌性；（c）WW雌性与正常雄性（ZZ）杂交产生全雌后代。这是首个用于大规模全雌甲壳类水产养殖的可持续生物技术。该方法特别适用于雌性优于雄性的物种，并提供亲鱼保护，从而确保优质苗种供应。因此，我们的技术不仅将彻底改变甲壳类水产养殖业的结构，还可应用于其他领域。最后，缺乏Z染色体的可存活且可繁殖雌性的产生对其在性别方面的作用提出了质疑。
