Brisbois Maryellen D, Silva Helena Oliveira, Pereira Helder Rocha, Sethares Kristen A
University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA.
Escola Superior de Saúde da Universidade dos Açores Secção de Ponta Delgada, Apartado 1422, 9501-855 Ponta Delgada, Ladeira da Mãe de Deus, Azores Portugal.
Springerplus. 2016 Sep 15;5(1):1576. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-3219-9. eCollection 2016.
Immigration policies can cause significant public health consequences, posing detrimental social and health effects for migrants, their families and communities. Migrants often face obstacles to health due to access, discrimination, language and cultural barriers, legal status, economic difficulties, social isolation, and fear of deportation. The process of deportation has become more rapid and frequent in the U.S. with inadequate health information in the literature regarding this relocated population post-deportation. The PROMIS(®) Global Health Short Form was used to measure the self-reported QOL, physical and mental health of male deportees from the US to Portugal from 2009 to 2013.
Twenty five males aged 28-64 years who had been deported from the US to Portugal participated in the study. Overall, their EuroQol, Global Physical Health and Global Mental Health Scores were below the established tool mean, with self-reported mental health having the lowest score. Age, marital status, length of time in the US prior to deportation, and length of time since deportation may impact the well-being of deportees post deportation.
Study results suggest the deportees in this study were less healthy than the general population. Future research and tailored initiatives regarding the overall health of deportees, with a focus on quality of life and mental health should be conducted to better understand their impact on reintegration. Overall study scores were lower than mean tool scores indicating the need for more research in this vulnerable group to support clinical practice and health policy to improve their overall QOL and health through intervention work.
移民政策可能会造成重大的公共卫生后果，给移民及其家庭和社区带来有害的社会和健康影响。由于就医机会、歧视、语言和文化障碍、法律地位、经济困难、社会孤立以及对被驱逐出境的恐惧，移民往往面临健康方面的障碍。在美国，驱逐出境的过程变得更加迅速和频繁，而关于这一被重新安置人群被驱逐出境后的健康信息在文献中却不足。2009年至2013年期间，使用患者报告结果测量信息系统（PROMIS®）全球健康简表来衡量从美国被驱逐到葡萄牙的男性被驱逐者自我报告的生活质量、身心健康状况。
25名年龄在28至64岁之间、从美国被驱逐到葡萄牙的男性参与了这项研究。总体而言，他们的欧洲五维度健康量表、全球身体健康和全球心理健康得分低于既定工具的平均分，其中自我报告的心理健康得分最低。年龄、婚姻状况、被驱逐前在美国的时间长度以及被驱逐后的时间长度可能会影响被驱逐者被驱逐后的幸福感。
研究结果表明，本研究中的被驱逐者健康状况不如普通人群。应开展关于被驱逐者整体健康的未来研究和量身定制的举措，重点关注生活质量和心理健康，以便更好地了解它们对重新融入社会的影响。总体研究得分低于工具平均分，这表明需要对这一弱势群体进行更多研究，以支持临床实践和卫生政策，通过干预工作改善他们的整体生活质量和健康状况。
