吸烟和反流情况下的喉调节性T细胞
Laryngeal T regulatory cells in the setting of smoking and reflux.
作者信息
Jetté Marie E, Seroogy Christine M, Thibeault Susan L
机构信息
Department of Otolaryngology , School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
Department of Pediatrics , School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, U.S.A. Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A.
出版信息
Laryngoscope. 2017 Apr;127(4):882-887. doi: 10.1002/lary.26223. Epub 2016 Sep 22.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The larynx is a mucosal organ rich in lymphatic tissue that is regularly exposed to a multitude of inhaled, ingested, and refluxed microorganisms and irritants. The first line of mucosal immune defense is the barrier, including resident immune cells. T regulatory (Treg) cells are a specialized subset of CD4+ T cells that suppress or dampen immune responses to prevent damaging immunopathology. As Treg cells have been shown to preferentially accumulate at sites of infection, and Treg responses may contribute to persistence of infection by impairing antibacterial immunity, we sought to quantify these cells in laryngeal tissue exposed to smoking and reflux.
STUDY DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
METHODS
Using an epigenetic assay, we quantified Treg and T cells and calculated the ratio of Treg to T cells (i.e., cellular ratio of immune tolerance [ImmunoCRIT]) in disease-free laryngeal biopsies representing four inflammatory states: 1) tobacco-exposed tissue, 2) refluxate and tobacco-exposed tissue, 3) refluxate-exposed tissue, and 4) unexposed tissue.
RESULTS
There was epigenetic evidence of Treg cells in all tissues, and we found no differences in Treg cell frequency relative to smoking and reflux in laryngeal tissue collected from 42 non-treatment-seeking participants. There was a decrease in total T cell frequency and an increase in ImmunoCRIT values in smokers regardless of reflux status.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, laryngeal tissue from smokers show decreased overall T cells and increased ImmunoCRIT values. Our findings indicate that laryngeal inflammation is not directly mediated by loss of Treg cells in response to smoking and reflux in local tissue and increased ImmunoCRIT values in smokers implicate a role for this environmental exposure in modulating laryngeal immune homeostasis. More studies are indicated to explore Treg cell dysfunction in the pathophysiology of laryngeal disease.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
NA Laryngoscope, 127:882-887, 2017.
目的/假设：喉是一个富含淋巴组织的黏膜器官，经常暴露于多种吸入、摄入及反流的微生物和刺激物中。黏膜免疫防御的第一道防线是屏障，包括驻留免疫细胞。调节性T（Treg）细胞是CD4 + T细胞的一个特殊亚群，可抑制或减弱免疫反应以防止有害的免疫病理损伤。由于Treg细胞已被证明优先在感染部位积聚，且Treg反应可能通过损害抗菌免疫而导致感染持续存在，因此我们试图对暴露于吸烟和反流的喉组织中的这些细胞进行定量。
研究设计
横断面研究。
方法
我们使用一种表观遗传学检测方法，对代表四种炎症状态的无疾病喉活检组织中的Treg细胞和T细胞进行定量，并计算Treg与T细胞的比例（即免疫耐受细胞比例[ImmunoCRIT]）：1）烟草暴露组织；2）反流物和烟草暴露组织；3）反流物暴露组织；4）未暴露组织。
结果
所有组织中均有Treg细胞的表观遗传学证据，我们发现，在42名未寻求治疗的参与者收集的喉组织中，Treg细胞频率相对于吸烟和反流无差异。无论反流状态如何，吸烟者的总T细胞频率均降低，ImmunoCRIT值升高。
结论
在本研究中，吸烟者的喉组织显示总T细胞减少，ImmunoCRIT值升高。我们的研究结果表明，喉炎症并非直接由局部组织中Treg细胞因吸烟和反流而丧失介导，吸烟者ImmunoCRIT值升高表明这种环境暴露在调节喉免疫稳态中起作用。需要更多研究来探索Treg细胞功能障碍在喉疾病病理生理学中的作用。
证据水平
NA 喉镜检查，2017年，第127卷，第882 - 887页
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