Gotterer Lauren, Li Yuebing
Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
J Neurol Sci. 2016 Oct 15;369:294-302. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.08.057. Epub 2016 Aug 28.
Therapies for myasthenia gravis (MG) include symptomatic and immunosuppressive treatment. Options for immunosuppression include corticosteroids, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, methotrexate, rituximab, cyclophosphamide, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, and thymectomy. The practical aspects of long-term immunosuppressive therapy in MG will be critically reviewed in this article. Treatment for ocular and generalized myasthenia gravis will be discussed. Application of these therapies needs to be considered in conjunction with their efficacy, disease subtypes and severity, and patient co-morbidities.
重症肌无力(MG)的治疗方法包括对症治疗和免疫抑制治疗。免疫抑制的选择包括皮质类固醇、硫唑嘌呤、霉酚酸酯、环孢素、他克莫司、甲氨蝶呤、利妥昔单抗、环磷酰胺、静脉注射免疫球蛋白、血浆置换和胸腺切除术。本文将对MG长期免疫抑制治疗的实际情况进行批判性综述。还将讨论眼肌型和全身型重症肌无力的治疗。这些治疗方法的应用需要结合其疗效、疾病亚型和严重程度以及患者的合并症来考虑。