Fatima Jalis, Kaul Rahul, Jain Parul, Saha Subrata, Halder Sonali, Sarkar Subir
Post Graduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. R Ahmed Dental College and Hospital , Kolkata, Weast Bengal, India .
Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. R Ahmed Dental College and Hospital , Kolkata, Weast Bengal, India .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Aug;10(8):ZC01-5. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/21232.8217. Epub 2016 Aug 1.
Maximal opening of mouth is described as the greatest distance between incisal edge of maxillary central incisor to the incisal edge of mandibular central incisor, when the mouth is opened as wide as possible painlessly or as the inter incisal distance plus the overbite. Clinical measurement of normal range of Maximum Mouth Opening (MMO) in children is an important diagnostic criterion for evaluation of stomatognathic system, especially for those with temporomandibular and neurogenic dysfunctions.
To determine the correlation of maximal mouth opening with age, sex, height, body weight and different facial types.
The study was a cross-sectional study which was conducted on 434 children, who were randomly divided into three groups based on their age: Group I- children of age 6 to 8 years, Group II- children of age 8.1 to 10 years, Group III- children of age 10.1 to 12 years. For each child, the examiner took three readings of MMO in millimeters (mm) and the mean of the three readings was considered. Age, sex, standing height, body weight and facial type of each child were also recorded simultaneously. Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between the different parameters. p-value <0.05 was the bench mark for statistical significance in the analysis. Descriptive and inferential analysis was done for the data using SPSS version 20.0. (SPSS 20, inc.; Chicago).
The estimated average MMO measured for girls and boys in the age range of 6-8 years, with a total sample size of 139, was 41.14 ± 4.29 mm and 42.16 ± 3.98mm respectively in euryprosopic face type. In leptoproscopic face type, it was 42.12 ± 4.54mm and 43.76 ± 3.80 mm in girls and boys respectively. In mesoproscopic face type, MMO measured was 41.77 ± 4.09mm and 42.51 ± 3.95 mm in girls and boys respectively. The estimated average MMO measured for girls and boys in the age range of 8.1-10 years, with a total sample size of 143, was 44.42+4.69mm and 43.30 ± 4.11 mm in euryprosopic face type. In leptoproscopic face type, it was 43.02 ± 3.92mm and 46.29 ±3.09mm in girls and boys respectively. In mesoproscopic face type, MMO measured was 42.50 ±4.32 and 42.80 ± 5.16 mm in girls and boys respectively. The estimated average MMO measured for girls and boys in the age range of 10.1-12 years, with a total sample size of 152, was 44.63 ± 5.28 mm and 45.80 ± 5.18 mm respectively in euryprosopic face type. In leptoproscopic face type, it was 45.76 ± 4.98 mm and 46.28 ± 4.68 mm in girls and boys respectively. In mesoproscopic face type, MMO measured was 45.32 ± 5.80 mm and 46.03 ± 5.86 mm in girls and boys respectively.
There was a significant difference in MMO between males and females; with males having higher values in all age groups. MMO is seen to increase with age in a statistically significant manner. Significantly increased value of MMO was observed in leptoproscopic face type in comparison to euryproscopic and mesoproscopic face type for each age group.
最大开口度被描述为当嘴巴尽可能无痛地张大时，上颌中切牙切缘与下颌中切牙切缘之间的最大距离，或者为切牙间距离加上覆合。儿童最大开口度（MMO）正常范围的临床测量是评估口颌系统的一项重要诊断标准，尤其对于那些患有颞下颌和神经功能障碍的儿童。
确定最大开口度与年龄、性别、身高、体重及不同面部类型之间的相关性。
本研究为横断面研究，对434名儿童进行了研究，根据年龄将他们随机分为三组：第一组为6至8岁的儿童，第二组为8.1至10岁的儿童，第三组为10.1至12岁的儿童。对于每个儿童，检查者以毫米（mm）为单位对MMO进行三次测量，并取这三次测量的平均值。同时记录每个儿童的年龄、性别、身高、体重和面部类型。采用Pearson相关性分析来确定不同参数之间的关系。在分析中，p值<0.05作为具有统计学意义的基准。使用SPSS 20.0版本（SPSS 20公司；芝加哥）对数据进行描述性和推断性分析。
在6 - 8岁年龄组，共139名儿童，在阔面型中，女孩和男孩的估计平均MMO分别为41.14±4.29mm和42.16±3.98mm。在窄面型中，女孩和男孩的MMO分别为42.12±4.54mm和43.76±3.80mm。在中面型中，女孩和男孩的MMO分别为41.77±4.09mm和42.51±3.95mm。在8.1 - 10岁年龄组，共143名儿童，在阔面型中，女孩和男孩的估计平均MMO分别为44.42 + 4.69mm和43.30±4.11mm。在窄面型中，女孩和男孩的MMO分别为43.02±3.92mm和46.29±3.09mm。在中面型中，女孩和男孩的MMO分别为42.50±4.32和42.80±5.16mm。在10.1 - 12岁年龄组，共152名儿童，在阔面型中，女孩和男孩的估计平均MMO分别为44.63±5.28mm和45.80±5.18mm。在窄面型中，女孩和男孩的MMO分别为45.76±4.98mm和46.28±4.68mm。在中面型中，女孩和男孩的MMO分别为45.32±5.80mm和46.03±5.86mm。
男性和女性的MMO存在显著差异；在所有年龄组中男性的值更高。MMO在统计学上随年龄显著增加。与阔面型和中面型相比，在每个年龄组的窄面型中观察到MMO值显著增加。
