Monfort-Pires Milena, Delgado-Lista Javier, Gomez-Delgado Francisco, Lopez-Miranda José, Perez-Martinez Pablo, Ferreira Sandra Roberta Gouvea
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo CEP 01246-904, Brazil.
Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Av. Menendez Pidal s/n., Córdoba 14004, Spain.
Nutrients. 2016 Sep 21;8(9):580. doi: 10.3390/nu8090580.
Whether the content of saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) could differently influence postprandial triglycerides (TG) is unknown. We examined possible differences in the postprandial TG response to fat tolerance tests (FTTs), in which SFA or unsaturated fatty acids were used. Crossover clinical trials investigating the effects of FTTs containing SFA and unsaturated fats on postprandial triglyceridemia in databases from 1994 until 2016 were searched. Of 356 studies, 338 were excluded and 18 were considered. TG net incremental areas under the curve were calculated using time-points or changes from baseline. Pooled effects of standardized mean differences and I² test were used.
In 12 studies, responses to SFA versus PUFA meals, and in 16 studies versus MUFA meals were compared. Over 4 hours, no differences between SFA and unsaturated fats were observed. Over 8 hours a lower response to PUFA (SMD -2.28; 95%CI -4.16, -0.41) and a trend to lower response to MUFA (SMD -0.89, 95%CI -1.82, 0.04) were detected. FTTs shorter than 8 hours may not be sufficient to differentiate postprandial TG after challenges with distinct fatty acids. Clinical significance of different postprandial TG responses on cardiovascular risk in the long-term deserves investigation.
饱和脂肪酸（SFA）、单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的含量是否会对餐后甘油三酯（TG）产生不同影响尚不清楚。我们研究了使用SFA或不饱和脂肪酸进行脂肪耐量试验（FTT）时，餐后TG反应可能存在的差异。检索了1994年至2016年数据库中关于含SFA和不饱和脂肪的FTT对餐后甘油三酯血症影响的交叉临床试验。在356项研究中，排除了338项，纳入了18项。使用时间点或相对于基线的变化计算TG曲线下净增量面积。采用标准化均数差的合并效应和I²检验。
在12项研究中比较了对SFA餐与PUFA餐的反应，在16项研究中比较了对SFA餐与MUFA餐的反应。在4小时内，未观察到SFA与不饱和脂肪之间存在差异。在8小时内，检测到对PUFA的反应较低（标准化均数差-2.28；95%置信区间-4.16，-0.41），对MUFA的反应有降低趋势（标准化均数差-0.89，95%置信区间-1.82，0.04）。短于8小时的FTT可能不足以区分不同脂肪酸激发后的餐后TG。不同餐后TG反应对长期心血管风险的临床意义值得研究。
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