Khodyreva S N, Lavrik O I
Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia.
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2016 Jul-Aug;50(4):655-673. doi: 10.7868/S0026898416040030.
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) of proteins is one of the immediate cell responses to DNA damage and is catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). When bound to damaged DNA, some members of the PARP family are activated and use NAD^(+) as a source of ADP to catalyze synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) covalently attached to a target protein. PAR synthesis is considered as a mechanism that provides a local signal of DNA damage and modulates protein functions in response to genotoxic agents. PARP1 is the best-studied protein of the PARP family and is widely known аs a regulator of repair of damaged bases and single-strand nicks. Data are accumulating that PARP1 is additionally involved in double-strand break repair and nucleotide excision repair. The review summarizes the literature data on the role that PARP1 and PARylation play in DNA repair and particularly in base excision repair; original data obtained in our lab are considered in more detail.
蛋白质的多聚（ADP-核糖）化（PARylation）是细胞对DNA损伤的即时反应之一，由多聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶（PARP）催化。当与受损DNA结合时，PARP家族的一些成员被激活，并利用NAD⁺作为ADP的来源，催化合成共价连接到靶蛋白上的多聚（ADP-核糖）（PAR）。PAR合成被认为是一种机制，可提供DNA损伤的局部信号，并响应基因毒性剂调节蛋白质功能。PARP1是PARP家族中研究最多的蛋白质，作为受损碱基和单链切口修复的调节剂而广为人知。越来越多的数据表明，PARP1还参与双链断裂修复和核苷酸切除修复。本文综述了关于PARP1和PARylation在DNA修复，特别是碱基切除修复中作用的文献数据；对我们实验室获得的原始数据进行了更详细的讨论。
