Krahé Barbara, Berger Anja
Department of Psychology.
Psychol Trauma. 2017 Mar;9(2):147-155. doi: 10.1037/tra0000198. Epub 2016 Sep 26.
This article presents a longitudinal analysis of the links between sexual assault victimization, depression, and sexual self-esteem by examining their cross-lagged paths among both men and women.
Male and female college students (N = 2,425) in Germany participated in the study that comprised 3 data waves in their first, second, and third year of university, separated by 12-month intervals. Sexual assault victimization was assessed at Time 1 (T1) since the age of 14 and at Time 2 (T2) and Time 3 (T3) for the last 12 months. Depression and sexual self-esteem were measured at each wave.
Random-intercept cross-lagged panel analyses, controlling for individual differences in depression and sexual self-esteem, showed that sexual assault at T1 predicted depression and lower sexual self-esteem at T2, and depression and lower self-esteem at T2 predicted sexual assault victimization at T3. In addition, significant paths were found from T1 depression to T2 sexual assault victimization and from T2 sexual assault victimization to depression at T3. Sexual victimization at T1 was indirectly linked to sexual victimization at T3 via depression at T2. Both depression and sexual self-esteem at T1 were indirectly linked to sexual victimization at T3. The paths did not differ significantly between men and women.
Sexual assault victimization was shown to be a risk factor for both depression as a general mental health indicator and lowered sexual self-esteem as a specific outcome in the domain of sexuality. Moreover, depression and sexual self-esteem increased the vulnerability for sexual assault victimization, which has implications for prevention and intervention efforts. (PsycINFO Database Record
本文通过研究男性和女性性侵犯受害经历、抑郁和性自尊之间的交叉滞后路径，对它们之间的联系进行纵向分析。
德国的男女大学生（N = 2425）参与了这项研究，该研究在大学一、二、三年级进行了3次数据收集，间隔为12个月。性侵犯受害经历在14岁起的第1时间点（T1）进行评估，在第2时间点（T2）和第3时间点（T3）评估过去12个月的情况。每次数据收集时测量抑郁和性自尊。
随机截距交叉滞后面板分析在控制了抑郁和性自尊的个体差异后显示，T1时的性侵犯可预测T2时的抑郁和较低的性自尊，T2时的抑郁和较低的自尊可预测T3时的性侵犯受害经历。此外，还发现了从T1时的抑郁到T2时的性侵犯受害经历以及从T2时的性侵犯受害经历到T3时的抑郁的显著路径。T1时的性受害经历通过T2时的抑郁与T3时的性受害经历间接相关。T1时的抑郁和性自尊均与T3时的性受害经历间接相关。这些路径在男性和女性之间没有显著差异。
性侵犯受害经历被证明是作为一般心理健康指标的抑郁以及作为性领域特定结果的性自尊降低的一个风险因素。此外，抑郁和性自尊增加了性侵犯受害的易感性，这对预防和干预工作具有启示意义。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
