从儿童期性虐待到青少年和青年期性侵犯受害和加害的途径：一项三波纵向研究。

Pathways from childhood sexual abuse to sexual aggression victimization and perpetration in adolescence and young adulthood: a three-wave longitudinal study.

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.

出版信息

Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2023;14(2):2263321. doi: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2263321. Epub 2023 Oct 17.

DOI:10.1080/20008066.2023.2263321

PMID:37846637

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10583606/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) has been identified as a risk factor for later sexual aggression perpetration and vulnerability factor for sexual victimization. However, the use of cross-sectional designs, the focus on female victimization and male perpetration, and the lack of evidence from outside North America limit the existing knowledge base.

OBJECTIVE

The study was designed to examine pathways from CSA to sexual revictimization and sexual aggression perpetration after the age of consent.

METHOD

A total of 588 university students in Germany (308 female) took part in a three-wave longitudinal study covering 23 months. At each wave (T1-T3), all participants completed measures of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration. Experiences of CSA were measured at T1.

RESULTS

The rate of CSA was significantly higher for women (20.8%) than for men (12.4%). Rates of sexual victimization for women were 60.9% at Time 1 (since age 14), 22.3% at Time 2 (since T1), and 17.4% at Time 3 (since T2). For men, the rates were 39.2% at Time 1, 15.9% at Time 2, and 14.1% at Time 3. Rates of sexual aggression perpetration for women were 10.6% at Time 1 (since age 14), 3.5% at Time 2 (since T1), and 3.6% at Time 3 (since T2). For men, the rates were 18.0% at Time 1, 6.2% at Time 2, and 3.8% at Time 3. The gender differences in victimization and perpetration were significant only at T1. CSA predicted higher odds of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration cross-sectionally at T1 and indirectly at T2 and T3 via T1. Gender did not moderate the associations.

CONCLUSION

The results confirm previous findings of elevated rates of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration in adolescence and young adulthood in victims of CSA. The implications for understanding and preventing adverse sexuality-related outcomes of CSA are discussed.

摘要

背景

儿童期性虐待（CSA）已被确定为日后性侵犯行为的风险因素，也是性受害的脆弱因素。然而，由于研究采用了横断面设计、关注女性受害和男性施害、以及北美的证据之外的证据有限，现有的知识基础受到限制。

目的

本研究旨在研究同意年龄后 CSA 与性再受害和性侵犯施害的关系。

方法

共有 588 名德国大学生（308 名女性）参与了一项为期 23 个月的三波纵向研究。在每一波（T1-T3），所有参与者都完成了性侵犯受害和施害的测量。在 T1 时测量 CSA 经历。

结果

女性 CSA 的发生率（20.8%）明显高于男性（12.4%）。女性在 T1 的性受害率为 60.9%（自 14 岁起），T2 的受害率为 22.3%（自 T1 起），T3 的受害率为 17.4%（自 T2 起）。对于男性，T1 的受害率为 39.2%，T2 的受害率为 15.9%，T3 的受害率为 14.1%。女性在 T1 的性侵犯施害率为 10.6%（自 14 岁起），T2 的施害率为 3.5%（自 T1 起），T3 的施害率为 3.6%（自 T2 起）。对于男性，T1 的施害率为 18.0%，T2 的施害率为 6.2%，T3 的施害率为 3.8%。T1 时只有女性在受害和施害方面的性别差异具有统计学意义。在 T1 时，CSA 预测性侵犯受害和施害的可能性更高，在 T2 和 T3 时通过 T1 间接预测。性别没有调节这些关联。