Sun Meng, Xue Zhimin, Zhang Wen, Guo Rui, Hu Aimin, Li Yihui, Mwansisya Tumbwene Elieza, Zhou Li, Liu Chang, Chen Xudong, Huang Xiaojun, Tao Haojuan, Shi Jingcheng, Liu Zhening, Rosenheck Robert
Mental Health Institute of the Second Xianga Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
Department of Psychology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.
Schizophr Res. 2017 Mar;181:43-48. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.09.030. Epub 2016 Sep 23.
Large scale migration of workers due to wage differences across regions of China has separated millions of children, called "left-behind children" from their parents. Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are thought to be associated with childhood deprivation and may predict later psychotic disorders but have not been studied in this potentially vulnerable population.
Data were collected from representative samples of students in thirteen middle schools in the Xiangxi region and Changsha city of Hunan province (N=6623), of whom 1360 (21.3%) were "left-behind" children. Children were surveyed with the positive frequency subscales of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences and the Trauma History Questionnaire child version.
More "left-behind" children reported experiencing PLEs than others. They also scored higher on the overall frequency of PLEs, severity of childhood trauma, and the subjectively perceived psychological impact of trauma both at the time of the events and at present. Compared with "left-behind" children raised by a parent or by grandparents, those raised by others reported suffering more severe impact both at the time of the events and at present. Among "left-behind" children trauma history was the most important correlate of PLEs followed by Han ethnicity, older age, and not having a stable family income.
"Left-behind" children are at higher risk for PLEs and suffer more traumatic events than other Chinese children. Interventions that reduce trauma risk and improve relationships with caregivers may be helpful, especially for older "left-behind" children.
由于中国不同地区工资差异导致的大规模劳动力迁移，使得数百万儿童与父母分离，这些儿童被称为“留守儿童”。类精神病体验（PLEs）被认为与童年时期的剥夺有关，可能预示着日后的精神障碍，但尚未在这个潜在脆弱的人群中进行研究。
从湖南省湘西地区和长沙市13所中学的学生代表性样本中收集数据（N = 6623），其中1360名（21.3%）为“留守儿童”。使用精神体验社区评估的阳性频率分量表和儿童版创伤史问卷对儿童进行调查。
报告有类精神病体验的“留守儿童”比其他儿童更多。他们在类精神病体验的总体频率、童年创伤的严重程度以及事件发生时和目前主观感受到的创伤心理影响方面得分也更高。与由父母或祖父母抚养的“留守儿童”相比，由其他人抚养的“留守儿童”在事件发生时和目前报告遭受的影响更严重。在“留守儿童”中，创伤史是类精神病体验最重要的相关因素，其次是汉族、年龄较大以及没有稳定的家庭收入。
“留守儿童”比其他中国儿童有更高的类精神病体验风险，并且遭受更多的创伤事件。降低创伤风险并改善与照顾者关系的干预措施可能会有所帮助，尤其是对年龄较大的“留守儿童”。
