Zenoni Sara, Fasoli Marianna, Guzzo Flavia, Dal Santo Silvia, Amato Alessandra, Anesi Andrea, Commisso Mauro, Herderich Markus, Ceoldo Stefania, Avesani Linda, Pezzotti Mario, Tornielli Giovanni Battista
Biotechnology Department, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy (S.Z., M.F., F.G., S.D.S., A.Am., A.An., M.C., S.C., L.A., M.P., G.B.T.); and.
The Australian Wine Research Institute, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia (M.H.).
Plant Physiol. 2016 Nov;172(3):1821-1843. doi: 10.1104/pp.16.00865. Epub 2016 Sep 26.
The molecular events that characterize postripening grapevine berries have rarely been investigated and are poorly defined. In particular, a detailed definition of changes occurring during the postharvest dehydration, a process undertaken to make some particularly special wine styles, would be of great interest for both winemakers and plant biologists. We report an exhaustive survey of transcriptomic and metabolomic responses in berries representing six grapevine genotypes subjected to postharvest dehydration under identical controlled conditions. The modulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism clearly distinguished the behavior of genotypes, with stilbene accumulation as the major metabolic event, although the transient accumulation/depletion of anthocyanins and flavonols was the prevalent variation in genotypes that do not accumulate stilbenes. The modulation of genes related to phenylpropanoid/stilbene metabolism highlighted the distinct metabolomic plasticity of genotypes, allowing for the identification of candidate structural and regulatory genes. In addition to genotype-specific responses, a core set of genes was consistently modulated in all genotypes, representing the common features of berries undergoing dehydration and/or commencing senescence. This included genes controlling ethylene and auxin metabolism as well as genes involved in oxidative and osmotic stress, defense responses, anaerobic respiration, and cell wall and carbohydrate metabolism. Several transcription factors were identified that may control these shared processes in the postharvest berry. Changes representing both common and genotype-specific responses to postharvest conditions shed light on the cellular processes taking place in harvested berries stored under dehydrating conditions for several months.
表征葡萄采后果实的分子事件鲜有研究，且定义模糊。特别是，对于酿酒师和植物生物学家而言，详细定义采后脱水过程中发生的变化（这是酿造某些特别葡萄酒风格所采用的过程）会非常有意义。我们报告了一项详尽的研究，该研究针对在相同控制条件下进行采后脱水的六种葡萄基因型果实的转录组和代谢组反应。苯丙烷类代谢的调节明显区分了不同基因型的表现，芪类物质的积累是主要代谢事件，尽管花色苷和黄酮醇的短暂积累/消耗是不积累芪类物质的基因型中的普遍变化。与苯丙烷类/芪类代谢相关基因的调节突出了基因型独特的代谢可塑性，有助于鉴定候选结构基因和调控基因。除了基因型特异性反应外，所有基因型中还有一组核心基因受到一致调节，代表了经历脱水和/或开始衰老的果实的共同特征。这包括控制乙烯和生长素代谢的基因，以及参与氧化和渗透胁迫、防御反应、无氧呼吸以及细胞壁和碳水化合物代谢的基因。鉴定出了几种可能控制采后果实中这些共同过程的转录因子。对采后条件的共同和基因型特异性反应的变化揭示了在脱水条件下储存数月的采后果实中发生的细胞过程。
