Shi Ning, Cheng Jing, Gao Xiao-Tong, Lu Hao-Cheng, Tian Meng-Bo, Li Ming-Yu, Duan Chang-Qing, Wang Jun
Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Sep 2;25(1):1183. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-07235-w.
As climate warms, the sugars and secondary metabolites in grapes gradually become uncoupled during development, resulting in the phenomenon of overripe fruit becoming more frequent around the world, especially in some arid regions. However, the key metabolic regulations to grape overripening are still poorly understood. To address this, we conducted a multi-omics study on Cabernet Sauvignon overripe berries over two years, analyzing the non-targeted metabolome, transcriptome, and proteome, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for delayed harvest strategies based on grape quality.
The delayed harvests caused significant changes in berry transcriptome and proteome. Genes and proteins responding to environmental changes were up-regulated, while those related to metabolism were down-regulated, indicating the primary function of berries during the overripening stage shifted away from extensive metabolite synthesis. The key enzyme genes and proteins linked to changes in metabolites like glucose, pyruvate, malate, alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and resveratrol, were identified.
In hot regions, the overripening stage of grape berries may be detrimental to their quality. This study highlights the core molecular changes during grape overripening and offer valuable insights for optimizing grape harvest date.
随着气候变暖，葡萄中的糖分和次生代谢产物在发育过程中逐渐解耦，导致果实过度成熟的现象在全球范围内越来越频繁，尤其是在一些干旱地区。然而，对于葡萄过度成熟的关键代谢调控仍知之甚少。为了解决这个问题，我们在两年时间里对赤霞珠过度成熟的浆果进行了多组学研究，分析了非靶向代谢组、转录组和蛋白质组，旨在为基于葡萄品质的延迟采收策略提供理论依据。
延迟采收导致浆果转录组和蛋白质组发生显著变化。响应环境变化的基因和蛋白质上调，而与代谢相关的基因和蛋白质下调，这表明浆果在过度成熟阶段的主要功能从广泛的代谢物合成转移。鉴定出了与葡萄糖、丙酮酸、苹果酸、丙氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和白藜芦醇等代谢物变化相关的关键酶基因和蛋白质。
在炎热地区，葡萄浆果的过度成熟阶段可能对其品质有害。本研究突出了葡萄过度成熟过程中的核心分子变化，并为优化葡萄采收日期提供了有价值的见解。
