Lira-Junior Ronaldo, Figueredo Carlos Marcelo
Ronaldo Lira-Junior, Carlos Marcelo Figueredo, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20551-030, Brazil.
World J Gastroenterol. 2016 Sep 21;22(35):7963-72. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i35.7963.
Periodontal disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are both chronic inflammatory diseases. Their pathogenesis is mediated by a complex interplay between a dysbiotic microbiota and the host immune-inflammatory response, and both are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This review aimed to provide an overview of the evidence dealing with a possible pathogenic interaction between periodontal disease and IBD. There seems to be an increased prevalence of periodontal disease in patients with IBD when compared to healthy controls, probably due to changes in the oral microbiota and a higher inflammatory response. Moreover, the induction of periodontitis seems to result in gut dysbiosis and altered gut epithelial cell barrier function, which might contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD. Considering the complexity of both periodontal disease and IBD, it is very challenging to understand the possible pathways involved in their coexistence. In conclusion, this review points to a complex pathogenic interaction between periodontal disease and IBD, in which one disease might alter the composition of the microbiota and increase the inflammatory response related to the other. However, we still need more data derived from human studies to confirm results from murine models. Thus, mechanistic studies are definitely warranted to clarify this possible bidirectional association.
牙周病和炎症性肠病（IBD）均为慢性炎症性疾病。它们的发病机制是由失调的微生物群与宿主免疫炎症反应之间的复杂相互作用介导的，并且两者均受遗传和环境因素影响。本综述旨在概述有关牙周病与IBD之间可能的致病相互作用的证据。与健康对照相比，IBD患者中牙周病的患病率似乎有所增加，这可能是由于口腔微生物群的变化和更高的炎症反应所致。此外，牙周炎的诱发似乎会导致肠道菌群失调和肠道上皮细胞屏障功能改变，这可能有助于IBD的发病机制。考虑到牙周病和IBD两者的复杂性，了解它们共存所涉及的可能途径极具挑战性。总之，本综述指出牙周病与IBD之间存在复杂的致病相互作用，其中一种疾病可能会改变微生物群的组成并增加与另一种疾病相关的炎症反应。然而，我们仍需要更多来自人体研究的数据来证实小鼠模型的结果。因此，确实有必要进行机制研究以阐明这种可能的双向关联。
