Antoniello S, Auletta M, Cerini R, Memoli A, Cigolari S, Quagliata L, Macchia V, Cacciatore L
Cattedra di Medicina Interna. Università degli Studi di Napoli II Facoltà di Medicina.
Eur J Epidemiol. 1989 Jun;5(2):228-33. doi: 10.1007/BF00156836.
A prevalence study of HBV serologic markers was carried out among hospital employees of ten departments of the Second School of Medicine in Naples, an urban area with a high prevalence of HBV infection. Departments and occupational categories were selected to represent a spectrum of different exposure to B virus infection. Workers in a large electronic plant in the same geographical area were screened as controls. HBsAg prevalence was 4.8% in the hospital community and 4.0% in control group. It rises to 4.3% in the Campania Region, where all screened workers live, and in some specific areas of the same region it rises to 12%. But no significant difference among seropositivities for at least 1 marker of HBV, considered to be a better indicator of occupational hazard, was found among personnel of different departments or belonging to different occupational categories. None of the occupational and non-occupational risk factors studied was found to be significantly associated with HBV infection. Two years later, an incidence study was carried out among susceptible subjects. Seropositivity for 1 marker was 2.2% among hospital workers and 2.8% in the control group. These figures are lower than the annual attack rate (5%) required for an acceptable cost-benefit ratio of vaccination against hepatitis B. Our results indicate that in a geographical area with HBV endemicity the occupational hazard for B virus infection is low in hospital workers because of the high number of the high number of immunized subjects and the contacts with infected people out of the hospital.
在那不勒斯第二医学院十个科室的医院员工中开展了一项乙肝病毒血清学标志物患病率研究，那不勒斯是一个乙肝病毒感染率很高的市区。选择科室和职业类别以代表不同程度的B病毒感染暴露情况。同一地理区域一家大型电子厂的工人作为对照进行筛查。医院群体中乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）患病率为4.8%，对照组为4.0%。在坎帕尼亚大区（所有接受筛查的工人居住的地区）该患病率升至4.3%，在该大区的一些特定区域则升至12%。但是，在不同科室人员或不同职业类别的人员中，对于被认为是职业危害更好指标的至少一种乙肝病毒标志物的血清阳性率，未发现显著差异。所研究的职业和非职业风险因素均未发现与乙肝病毒感染有显著关联。两年后，对易感人群开展了一项发病率研究。医院工作人员中一种标志物的血清阳性率为2.2%，对照组为2.8%。这些数字低于乙肝疫苗接种可接受成本效益比所需的年发病率（5%）。我们的结果表明，在乙肝地方流行的地理区域，由于接种疫苗的人数众多以及医院外与感染者的接触，医院工作人员感染B病毒的职业危害较低。
