Stacey N E, Sorensen P W, Van der Kraak G J, Dulka J G
Department of Zoology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1989 Jul;75(1):62-70. doi: 10.1016/0016-6480(89)90008-7.
This study directly tested the hypothesis that 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20 beta-P) is a goldfish preovulatory pheromone (pheromone released at peak levels during oocyte final maturation) which increases blood gonadotropin (GtH) and milt volume in males. During spontaneous ovulation, GtH and 17,20 beta-P in female blood and 17,20 beta-P released to the water increased dramatically 7-10 hr prior to ovulation, peaked 1-4 hr prior to ovulation, and then rapidly declined. Males held with these females, or exposed to their odors, had increased GtH levels and milt volumes at approximately the time when increased 17,20 beta-P release by ovulatory females commenced. Although these findings strongly support the hypothesis that 17,20 beta-P is a preovulatory female sex pheromone in goldfish which stimulates male GtH levels and milt production prior to spawning, the milt increases occurred earlier than predicted, suggesting either that preovulatory 17,20 beta-P release begins earlier than the data indicate or that other steroids known to have pheromonal activity are released before 17,20 beta-P.
17α,20β-二羟基-4-孕烯-3-酮（17,20β-P）是金鱼排卵前的信息素（在卵母细胞最终成熟期间达到峰值水平时释放的信息素），它会增加雄性金鱼血液中的促性腺激素（GtH）和精液量。在自然排卵过程中，雌性金鱼血液中的GtH和17,20β-P以及释放到水中的17,20β-P在排卵前7至10小时急剧增加，在排卵前1至4小时达到峰值，然后迅速下降。与这些雌性金鱼在一起饲养或接触其气味的雄性金鱼，在排卵的雌性金鱼开始增加17,20β-P释放的大致时间，其GtH水平和精液量有所增加。尽管这些发现有力地支持了17,20β-P是金鱼排卵前的雌性信息素这一假说，该信息素在产卵前刺激雄性金鱼的GtH水平和精液产生，但精液量的增加比预期出现得更早，这表明要么排卵前17,20β-P的释放开始时间比数据显示的更早，要么是已知具有信息素活性的其他类固醇在17,20β-P之前就已释放。
