阿瓦士市献血者中SEN病毒和隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒（OBI）感染的流行情况
The Prevalence of SEN Virus and Occult Hepatitis B (OBI) Virus Infection Among Blood Donors in Ahvaz City.
作者信息
Abbasi Samaneh, Makvandi Manoochehr, Karimi Gharib, Neisi Niloofar
机构信息
Health Research Institute, Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran; Department of Virology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO), Tehran, IR Iran.
出版信息
Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2016 Jul 3;9(7):e37329. doi: 10.5812/jjm.37329. eCollection 2016 Jul.
BACKGROUND
The SEN virus (SENV) is a prevalent blood borne pathogen that has a worldwide incidence. SENV is comprised of eight genotypes; genotypes H and D are frequently associated with the pathogenesis of non-A - E hepatitis and post-transfusion hepatitis in blood donors and hepatitis patients. So far, no SENV pathogenesis has been reported in the liver biopsies of SENV carriers, but the frequency of SENV and its related genotypes requires further molecular epidemiology studies in different regions of the world. Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is another global public health problem that is primarily transmitted via blood transfusions. Therefore, the identification of OBI among blood donors is key to preventing the spread of this disease. The relationship between SENV and OBI requires further evaluation.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SENV-D and SENV-H in blood donors in Ahvaz city with a particular focus on co-infection with OBI.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
This study had a cross-sectional design and included 184 healthy consecutive blood donors who visited a blood transfusion center in Ahvaz city from October-November 2013. The sera of all blood donors negative for HBsAg, anti-HCV antibody, and anti-HIV antibody were tested for SENV-D and SENV-H using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, tests for HBV DNA (PCR), HBcIgG (ELISA), liver function (aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase), and alkaline phosphatase were carried out.
RESULTS
Liver function tests in the healthy blood donors were within the normal range. The incidence rates of SENV-D and SENV-H in the 184 total blood donors were 10 (5.4%) (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.1% - 9.0%) and 32 (17.4%) cases (95% CI: 12.0% - 23.0%), respectively. SENV-H/D co-infection occurred in 2 (1.1%) patients. The sera of 8/184 (4.3%) were positive for anti-HBc antibody but negative for HBV DNA.
CONCLUSIONS
Regardless of the presence of nonpathogenic SENV, 44/184 (24%) blood donors tested positive for both SENV-D and SENV-H. Although 4.3% of blood donors were positive for HBcIgG but negative for HBV DNA, the presence of OBI cannot be ruled out unless their liver biopsies show negative for HBV DNA.
背景
SEN病毒（SENV）是一种常见的血源性病原体，在全球范围内均有发病。SENV由八种基因型组成；H型和D型基因型常与献血者和肝炎患者的非甲 - 戊型肝炎及输血后肝炎的发病机制相关。迄今为止，尚未在SENV携带者的肝活检中报道过SENV发病机制，但SENV及其相关基因型的频率需要在世界不同地区进行进一步的分子流行病学研究。隐匿性乙型肝炎感染（OBI）是另一个全球公共卫生问题，主要通过输血传播。因此，识别献血者中的OBI是预防该疾病传播的关键。SENV与OBI之间的关系需要进一步评估。
目的
本研究的目的是确定阿瓦士市献血者中SENV - D和SENV - H的流行率，特别关注与OBI的合并感染情况。
患者和方法
本研究采用横断面设计，纳入了2013年10月至11月期间前往阿瓦士市输血中心的184名连续健康献血者。使用巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR）对所有HBsAg、抗HCV抗体和抗HIV抗体均为阴性的献血者血清进行SENV - D和SENV - H检测。此外，还进行了HBV DNA（PCR）、HBcIgG（ELISA）、肝功能（天冬氨酸转氨酶和丙氨酸转氨酶）以及碱性磷酸酶检测。
结果
健康献血者的肝功能检测结果在正常范围内。184名献血者中SENV - D和SENV - H的发病率分别为10例（5.4%）（95%置信区间（CI）：2.1% - 9.0%）和32例（17.4%）（95%CI：12.0% - 23.0%）。2例（1.1%）患者发生了SENV - H/D合并感染。184份血清中有8份（4.3%）抗HBc抗体呈阳性，但HBV DNA呈阴性。
结论
无论是否存在非致病性SENV，184名献血者中有44名（24%）SENV - D和SENV - H检测均呈阳性。虽然4.3%的献血者HBcIgG呈阳性但HBV DNA呈阴性，但除非肝活检显示HBV DNA为阴性，否则不能排除OBI的存在。
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