Bailey K G, Nava G
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23284.
J Clin Psychol. 1989 Jul;45(4):587-94. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198907)45:4<587::aid-jclp2270450414>3.0.co;2-2.
Psychological kinship refers to valuing significant others as though they were members of one's own family. This construct has many implications for human relationships, including the client-therapist relationship (Bailey, 1988). A 60-item Kinship Scale was developed and administered to 63 undergraduates (39 females; 24 males), along with several other independent measures of sociality (Rubin Love and Liking scales; EPPS Affiliation, Nurturance, and Succorance scales; abbreviated UCLA Loneliness Scale) and the Spiritual Well-Being scales. Subjects took the Kinship, Love, and Liking scales under two cognitive sets, "closest family member" and "acquaintance," while the other scales were taken in regular fashion. The Kinship, Love, and Liking scales were all sensitive to the cognitive sets and appropriately yielded higher mean values and higher correlations with the independent measures vis-à-vis the "closest family member" as opposed to "acquaintance." Significant sex differences were noted, with stronger correlation patterns for males than females. Overall, the Kinship Scale performed very well and shows considerable promise for future research.
心理亲属关系是指将重要他人视为自己家庭成员般珍视。这一概念对人际关系有诸多影响，包括来访者与治疗师的关系（贝利，1988年）。研究者编制了一份包含60个条目的亲属关系量表，并对63名本科生（39名女性；24名男性）进行了施测，同时还使用了其他一些社会性的独立测量工具（鲁宾的爱与喜欢量表；爱德华个人偏好量表中的亲和性、养育性和救助性分量表；简化版加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独量表）以及精神幸福感量表。受试者在“最亲密家庭成员”和“熟人”这两种认知设定下完成亲属关系、爱和喜欢量表的作答，而其他量表则按常规方式进行。亲属关系、爱和喜欢量表对认知设定均敏感，相对于“熟人”，与“最亲密家庭成员”相关时，均值和与独立测量工具的相关性更高。研究发现了显著的性别差异，男性的相关模式比女性更强。总体而言，亲属关系量表表现出色，为未来研究展现出了可观的前景。
